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The advances in fabrication processes in different material platforms employed in integrated optics are opening the path towards the implementation of circuits with increasing degree of complexity. In addition to the more conventional…
Phase change materials (PCMs) have gained a tremendous interest as a means to actively tune nanophotonic devices through the large optical modulation produced by their amorphous to crystalline reversible transition. Recently, materials such…
Chalcogenide phase change materials (PCMs) have been extensively applied in data storage, and they are now being proposed for high resolution displays, holographic displays, reprogrammable photonics, and all-optical neural networks. These…
The switching and control of optical fields based on nonlinear optical effects are often limited to relatively weak nonlinear susceptibility and strong optical pump fields. Here, an optical medium with programmable susceptibility tensor…
Chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) offer new paradigms for programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) thanks to their zero static energy and significant refractive index contrast. However, prototypical PCMs, such as GeSbTe…
Chalcogenide material-based integrated photonic devices have garnered widespread attention due to their unique wideband transparency. Despite their recognized CMOS compatibility, the fabrication of these devices relies predominantly on…
Programmable photonic circuits are versatile platforms that route light through multiple interference paths using reconfigurable optoelectronic elements to perform complex discrete linear operations. These circuits offer the potential for…
The prevalent high intrinsic absorption in the crystalline state of phase-change materials (PCMs), typically leads to a decline in modulation efficiency for phase-change metasurfaces, underutilizing their potential for quasi-continuous…
Reconfigurability of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) has become increasingly important due to the growing demands for electronic-photonic systems on a chip driven by emerging applications, including neuromorphic computing, quantum…
Free-space modulation of light is crucial for many applications, from light detection and ranging to virtual or augmented reality. Traditional means of modulating free-space light involves spatial light modulators based on liquid crystals…
Phase-change materials (PCMs) are increasingly recognised as promising platforms for tunable photonic devices due to their ability to modulate optical properties through solid-state phase transitions. Ultrathin and low-loss PCMs are highly…
Nonlinear photonics uses coherent interactions between optical waves to engineer functionality that is not possible with purely linear optics. Traditionally, the function of a nonlinear-optical device is determined during design and fixed…
Programmable integrated photonics has evolved into a potent platform for implementing diverse optical functions on a single chip through software-driven reconfiguration. At the core of these processors are the photonic waveguide meshes that…
Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have the potential to drastically expand the capabilities of optical communications, sensing, and quantum information science and engineering. However, PICs are commonly fabricated using selective…
Phase matching is essential for efficient energy transfer in nonlinear wave-mixing processes. Traditional methods, such as birefringent and quasi-phase matching, have remained conceptually unchanged since their discovery over 60 years ago,…
Wavelength-scale, high Q-factor photonic crystal cavities have emerged as a platform of choice for on-chip manipulation of optical signals, with applications ranging from low-power optical signal processing and cavity quantum…
Dynamic phase-only beam shaping with a liquid crystal spatial light modulator is a powerful technique for tailoring the beam's intensity profile or wave front. While shaping and controlling the light field is a highly researched topic,…
Reconfigurable photonic devices are rapidly emerging as a cornerstone of next generation optical technologies, with wide ranging applications in quantum simulation, neuromorphic computing, and large-scale photonic processors. A central…
Photonic time crystals are electromagnetic media with periodically time-varying parameters, enabling momentum band gaps, parametric amplification, and frequency conversion beyond what is possible in time-invariant systems. So far, they have…
Surface phonon polaritons (SPhP) and surface plasmon polaritons (SPP), evanescent modes supported by media with negative permittivity, are a fundamental building block of nanophotonics. These modes are unmatched in terms of field…