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It is proven that the sum rules for X-ray magnetic dichroism (XMCD) spectra that are used to separate spin and orbital contributions to the magnetic moment are formally correct for an arbitrary strength of electron-electron interactions.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2007-05-23 V. Yu. Irkhin , M. I. Katsnelson

Recent developments in the multipole reformulation of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) have provided a unified framework to describe magnetic and orbital responses in terms of ferroic multipole order parameters. X-ray magnetic circular…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-11 N. Sasabe , H. Koizumi , Y. Ishii , Y. Yamasaki

We investigate the microscopic origin and spectral features of X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) in collinear antiferromagnets with trigonal crystal fields, using $\alpha$-MnTe as a prototypical example. Although such systems exhibit…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-14 Norimasa Sasabe , Yuta Ishii , Yuichi Yamasaki

The x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) sum rule yields an extremely useful ground-state observable, which provides a quantitative measure of spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking (T-breaking) in a given material. I derive here…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-05-13 Raffaele Resta

An efficient first principles approach to calculate X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and X-ray natural circular dichroism (XNCD) is developed and applied in the near edge region at the K-and L1-edges in solids. Computation of…

We present the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) at the Ni $L_{2,3}$-edge as an evidence of the $d$-wave altermagnetism in rutile-structure NiF$_2$. Sizable XMCD signal is observed in excellent agreement with theoretical simulations.…

In the highly non-equilibrium conditions of laser induced spin dynamics magnetic moments can only be obtained from the spectral information, most commonly from the spectroscopy of semi-core states using the so-called x-ray magnetic circular…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-04-05 S. Shallcross , J. K. Dewhurst , P. Elliott , S. Eisebitt , C. von Korff Schmising , S. Sharma

A 3-fold symmetric kagome lattice that has negative spin chirality can give a non-zero x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) signal, despite that the total spin moment amounts to zero. This is explained by a hitherto unnoticed rule for…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-11-16 Gerrit van der Laan

An implementation of the multiple-scattering approach to x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) in K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy is presented. The convergence problems due to the cluster size and the relativistic corrections are…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 Ch. Brouder , M. Alouani , K. H. Bennemann

We propose that X-ray absorption and emission magnetic circular dichroism (XAS-MCD and XES-MCD) are promising measurements to directly detect ferroic higher-rank multipoles as candidate order parameters in altermagnets. Using the sum rules…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-09-19 Masaichiro Mizumaki , Norimasa Sasabe , Takayuki Uozumi , Rikuto Oiwa , Hiroaki Kusunose

X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) signals are usually absent in antiferromagnets. In this letter, we report the observation of spontaneous XMCD spectra originating from the inverse triangular spin structure, or the polarization of…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-11-11 Shoya Sakamoto , Tomoya Higo , Masanobu Shiga , Kenta Amemiya , Satoru Nakatsuji , Shinji Miwa

We theoretically investigate the origin of the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra at the K edges of Mn and Ga in the ferromagnetic phase of Mn3GaC on the basis of an ab initio calculation. Taking account of the spin-orbit…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 Manabu Takahashi , Jun-ichi Igarashi

Compensated magnets are of increasing interest for both fundamental research and applications, with their net-zero magnetization leading to ultrafast dynamics and robust order. To understand and control this order, nanoscale mapping of…

Altermagnetism is a recently identified magnetic symmetry class combining characteristics of conventional collinear ferromagnets and antiferromagnets, that were regarded as mutually exclusive, and enabling phenomena and functionalities…

Time-resolved x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) enables a unique spectroscopic view on complex spin and charge dynamics in multi-elemental magnetic materials. So far, its application in the soft-x-ray range has been limited to…

X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) has become an important and powerful tool because it allows the study of material properties in combination with elemental specificity, chemical state specificity, and magnetic specificity. A new…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-19 Zhi-Ying Guo , Cai-Hao Hong , Hai-Ying Xing , Kun Tang , Wei Xui , Dong-liang Chen , Ming-Qi Cui , YI-Dong Zhao

We argue that the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) of the hard x-ray Raman scattering (XRS) could be used as an element selective probe of local spin polarization. The magnitude of the XRS-MCD signal is directly proportional to the local…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-10-01 Manabu Takahashi , Nozomu Hiraoka

In this work we derive sum rules for orbital angular momentum(OAM) resolved electron magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) which enable the evaluation of the strength of spin and orbital components of the atomic magnetic moments in a crystalline…

We derive four sum-rule expressions for spectra measured in electron energy-loss near edge structure experiments. These sum-rules permit the determination spin and orbital magnetic moments, spin-orbit interaction and number of states,…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 Ján Rusz , Olle Eriksson , Pavel Novák , Peter M. Oppeneer

Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD) is a standard technique for the study of magnetic properties of materials in synchrotron beamlines. We present here a new scattering geometry in the Transmission Electron Microscope through which MCD can be…

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