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Related papers: Measuring likelihood in cybersecurity

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This paper is devoted to measuring the security of cyber networks under advanced persistent threats (APTs). First, an APT-based cyber attack-defense process is modeled as an individual-level dynamical system. Second, the dynamic model is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-13 Lu-Xing Yang , Pengdeng Li , Xiaofan Yang , Luosheng Wen , Yingbo Wu , Yuan Yan Tang

The escalating frequency of cyber-attacks poses significant challenges for organisations, particularly small enterprises constrained by limited in-house expertise, insufficient knowledge, and financial resources. This research presents a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Emad Sherif , Iryna Yevseyeva , Vitor Basto-Fernandes , Allan Cook

The rapid detection of attackers within firewalls of enterprise computer net- works is of paramount importance. Anomaly detectors address this problem by quantifying deviations from baseline statistical models of normal network behav- ior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-09-02 Justin Grana , David Wolpert , Joshua Neil , Dongping Xie , Tanmoy Bhattacharya , Russel Bent

The latency reduction between the discovery of vulnerabilities, the build-up and dissemination of cyber-attacks has put significant pressure on cybersecurity professionals. For that, security researchers have increasingly resorted to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Sébastien Gillard , Dimitri Percia David , Alain Mermoud , Thomas Maillart

Cyber insurance is a risk-sharing mechanism that can improve cyber-physical systems (CPS) security and resilience. The risk preference of the insured plays an important role in cyber insurance markets. With the advances in information…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Shutian Liu , Quanyan Zhu

Cyber-physical systems integrate computation, communication, and physical capabilities to interact with the physical world and humans. Besides failures of components, cyber-physical systems are prone to malignant attacks, and specific…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-03-13 Fabio Pasqualetti , Florian Dörfler , Francesco Bullo

The internet landscape is growing and at the same time becoming more heterogeneous. Services are performed via computers and networks, critical data is stored digitally. This enables freedom for the user, and flexibility for operators. Data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Simon D Duque Anton , Daniel Fraunholz , Daniel Schneider

Cybersecurity threats are increasingly marked by interdependence, uncertainty, and evolving complexity challenges that traditional assessment methods such as CVSS, STRIDE, and attack trees fail to adequately capture. This paper reviews the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Sangita Sridar

Cyber attacks are growing in frequency and severity. Over the past year alone we have witnessed massive data breaches that stole personal information of millions of people and wide-scale ransomware attacks that paralyzed critical…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Palash Goyal , KSM Tozammel Hossain , Ashok Deb , Nazgol Tavabi , Nathan Bartley , Andr'es Abeliuk , Emilio Ferrara , Kristina Lerman

Cyber data attacks are the worst-case interacting bad data to power system state estimation and cannot be detected by existing bad data detectors. In this paper, we for the first time analyze the likelihood of cyber data attacks by…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Yingshuai Hao , Meng Wang , Joe Chow

This review explores the academic and policy literature in the context of everyday cyber security in organisations. In so doing, it identifies four behavioural sets that influences how people practice cyber security. These are compliance…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Amy Ertan , Georgia Crossland , Claude Heath , David Denny , Rikke Jensen

Cyber assurance, which is the ability to operate under the onslaught of cyber attacks and other unexpected events, is essential for organizations facing inundating security threats on a daily basis. Organizations usually employ multiple…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Nan Sun , Chang-Tsun Li , Hin Chan , Md Zahidul Islam , Md Rafiqul Islam , Warren Armstrong

Cyber insurance is a complementary mechanism to further reduce the financial impact on the systems after their effort in defending against cyber attacks and implementing resilience mechanism to maintain the system-level operator even though…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Shutian Liu , Quanyan Zhu

Modern information society depends on reliable functionality of information systems infrastructure, while at the same time the number of cyber-attacks has been increasing over the years and damages have been caused. Furthermore, graphs can…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Nikolaos Polatidis , Elias Pimenidis , Michalis Pavlidis , Spyridon Papastergiou , Haralambos Mouratidis

We study the efficacy of strategies aimed at controlling the spread of deception-based cyber-threats unfolding on online social networks. We model directed and temporal interactions between users using a family of activity-driven networks…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-10-02 Nicolò Gozzi , Nicola Perra

Security metrics serve as a powerful tool for organizations to understand the effectiveness of protecting computer networks. However majority of these measurement techniques don't adequately help corporations to make informed risk…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-02-14 Subil Abraham , Suku Nair

Ransomware impact hinges on how easily an intruder can move laterally and spread to the maximum number of assets. We present a graph-theoretic formulation that casts lateral movement as a path-closure problem over a probability semiring to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Satyam Tyagi , Ganesh Murugesan

Cyber security incidents are increasing and humans play an important role in reducing their likelihood and impact. We identify a skewed focus towards technical aspects of cyber security in the literature, whereas factors influencing the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Marten de Bruin , Konstantinos Mersinas

In recent years, researchers have proposed \emph{cyber-insurance} as a suitable risk-management technique for enhancing security in Internet-like distributed systems. However, amongst other factors, information asymmetry between the insurer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-02-07 Ranjan Pal , Pan Hui

Cybercrime has grown exponentially in both scale and sophistication, posing significant threats. As attack methods evolve rapidly, traditional classification schemes often fail to capture the complexity and diversity of modern threats. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Melissa Pappy , Linh Nguyen , Suman Kumar , Byungkwan Jung , Bernard Chen