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Open Set Video Anomaly Detection (OpenVAD) aims to identify abnormal events from video data where both known anomalies and novel ones exist in testing. Unsupervised models learned solely from normal videos are applicable to any testing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Yuansheng Zhu , Wentao Bao , Qi Yu

Video anomaly detection (VAD) aims to detect anomalies that deviate from what is expected. In open-world scenarios, the expected events may change as requirements change. For example, not wearing a mask may be considered abnormal during a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zihao Liu , Xiaoyu Wu , Jianqin Wu , Xuxu Wang , Linlin Yang

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) is crucial for applications such as security surveillance and autonomous driving. However, existing VAD methods provide little rationale behind detection, hindering public trust in real-world deployments. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yuchen Yang , Kwonjoon Lee , Behzad Dariush , Yinzhi Cao , Shao-Yuan Lo

We introduce Text-based Explainable Video Anomaly Detection (TbVAD), a language-driven framework for weakly supervised video anomaly detection that performs anomaly detection and explanation entirely within the textual domain. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Hari Lee

Video anomaly detection (VAD) aims to automatically identify events that deviate from normal patterns in untrimmed surveillance videos. Existing methods universally depend on large-scale annotations or task-specific training procedures,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Chao Huang , Penfei Wei , Wei Wang , Jie Wen , Zhihua Wang , Li Shen , Wenqi Ren , Xiaochun Cao

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) can play a key role in spotting unusual activities in video footage. VAD is difficult to use in real-world settings due to the dynamic nature of human actions, environmental variations, and domain shifts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Shanle Yao , Ghazal Alinezhad Noghre , Armin Danesh Pazho , Hamed Tabkhi

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) automates the identification of unusual events, such as security threats in surveillance videos. In real-world applications, VAD models must effectively operate in cross-domain settings, identifying rare…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Yashika Jain , Ali Dabouei , Min Xu

Video anomaly detection (VAD) has been paid increasing attention due to its potential applications, its current dominant tasks focus on online detecting anomalies% at the frame level, which can be roughly interpreted as the binary or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Peng Wu , Jing Liu , Xiangteng He , Yuxin Peng , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Video anomaly detection (VAD) with weak supervision has achieved remarkable performance in utilizing video-level labels to discriminate whether a video frame is normal or abnormal. However, current approaches are inherently limited to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Peng Wu , Xuerong Zhou , Guansong Pang , Yujia Sun , Jing Liu , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Video anomaly detection (VAD) is crucial for intelligent surveillance, but a significant challenge lies in identifying complex anomalies, which are events defined by intricate relationships and temporal dependencies among multiple entities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mohammad Mahdi Hemmatyar , Mahdi Jafari , Mohammad Amin Yousefi , Mohammad Reza Nemati , Mobin Azadani , Hamid Reza Rastad , Amirmohammad Akbari

Video anomaly detection (VAD) focuses on identifying anomalies in videos. Supervised methods demand substantial in-domain training data and fail to deliver clear explanations for anomalies. In contrast, training-free methods leverage the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Wenlong Li , Yifei Xu , Yuan Rao , Zhenhua Wang , Shuiguang Deng

Video anomaly detection (VAD) aims to discover behaviors or events deviating from the normality in videos. As a long-standing task in the field of computer vision, VAD has witnessed much good progress. In the era of deep learning, with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Peng Wu , Chengyu Pan , Yuting Yan , Guansong Pang , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) has traditionally been framed as binary classification or outlier detection, providing neither interpretable reasoning nor precise spatial localization of anomalous events. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Sakshi Agarwal , Aishik Konwer , Ankit Parag Shah

The rapid advancement of vision-language models (VLMs) has established a new paradigm in video anomaly detection (VAD): leveraging VLMs to simultaneously detect anomalies and provide comprehendible explanations for the decisions. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Muchao Ye , Weiyang Liu , Pan He

Pose-based Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) has gained significant attention for its privacy-preserving nature and robustness to environmental variations. However, traditional frame-level evaluations treat video as a collection of isolated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Narges Rashvand , Shanle Yao , Armin Danesh Pazho , Babak Rahimi Ardabili , Hamed Tabkhi

Video anomaly detection (VAD) is essential for enhancing safety and security by identifying unusual events across different environments. Existing VAD benchmarks, however, are primarily designed for general-purpose scenarios, neglecting the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Xinyi Zhao , Congjing Zhang , Pei Guo , Wei Li , Lin Chen , Chaoyue Zhao , Shuai Huang

Current weakly supervised video anomaly detection (WSVAD) task aims to achieve frame-level anomalous event detection with only coarse video-level annotations available. Existing works typically involve extracting global features from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Peng Wu , Xuerong Zhou , Guansong Pang , Zhiwei Yang , Qingsen Yan , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Weakly supervised video anomaly detection (WS-VAD) involves identifying the temporal intervals that contain anomalous events in untrimmed videos, where only video-level annotations are provided as supervisory signals. However, a key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yu Wang , Shengjie Zhao

Most models for weakly supervised video anomaly detection (WS-VAD) rely on multiple instance learning, aiming to distinguish normal and abnormal snippets without specifying the type of anomaly. However, the ambiguous nature of anomaly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Chenchen Tao , Xiaohao Peng , Chong Wang , Jiafei Wu , Puning Zhao , Jun Wang , Jiangbo Qian

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) plays a crucial role in modern surveillance systems, aiming to identify various anomalies in real-world situations. However, current benchmark datasets predominantly emphasize simple, single-frame anomalies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Yoav Arad , Michael Werman