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Due to the limited availability of anomalous samples for training, video anomaly detection is commonly viewed as a one-class classification problem. Many prevalent methods investigate the reconstruction difference produced by AutoEncoders…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Xiangyu Huang , Caidan Zhao , Chenxing Gao , Lvdong Chen , Zhiqiang Wu

Automated visual inspection in medical-device manufacturing faces unique challenges, including extremely low defect rates, limited annotated data, hardware restrictions on production lines, and the need for validated, explainable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Julio Zanon Diaz , Georgios Siogkas , Peter Corcoran

In this paper, we explore a novel approach to 3D anomaly detection (AD) that goes beyond merely identifying anomalies based on structural characteristics. Our primary perspective is that most anomalies arise from unpredictable defective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Hanzhe Liang , Aoran Wang , Jie Zhou , Xin Jin , Can Gao , Jinbao Wang

The detection and localization of quality-related problems in industrially mass-produced products has historically relied on manual inspection, which is costly and error-prone. Machine learning has the potential to replace manual handling.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Sebastian Hönel , Jonas Nordqvist

The performance of visual anomaly inspection in industrial quality control is often constrained by the scarcity of real anomalous samples. Consequently, anomaly synthesis techniques have been developed to enlarge training sets and enhance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yishen Liu , Hongcang Chen , Pengcheng Zhao , Yunfan Bao , Yuxi Tian , Jieming Zhang , Hao Chen , Zheng Zhi , Yongchun Liu , Ying Li , Dongpu Cao

Anomaly detection is a crucial process in industrial manufacturing and has made significant advancements recently. However, there is a large variance between the data used in the development and the data collected by the production…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Tianwu Lei , Bohan Wang , Silin Chen , Shurong Cao , Ningmu Zou

Segmentation-oriented Industrial Anomaly Synthesis (SIAS) plays a pivotal role in enhancing the performance of downstream anomaly segmentation, as it provides an effective means of expanding abnormal data. However, existing SIAS methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Xichen Xu , Yanshu Wang , Jinbao Wang , Qunyi Zhang , Xiaoning Lei , Guoyang Xie , Guannan Jiang , Zhichao Lu

Detecting surface anomalies of industrial materials poses a significant challenge within a myriad of industrial manufacturing processes. In recent times, various methodologies have emerged, capitalizing on the advantages of employing a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Simon Thomine , Hichem Snoussi

Early detection of illnesses and pest infestations in fruit cultivation is critical for maintaining yield quality and plant health. Computer vision and robotics are increasingly employed for the automatic detection of such issues,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Ionut Marian Motoi , Valerio Belli , Alberto Carpineto , Daniele Nardi , Thomas Alessandro Ciarfuglia

Industrial anomaly detection (AD) is characterized by an abundance of normal images but a scarcity of anomalous ones. Although numerous few-shot anomaly synthesis methods have been proposed to augment anomalous data for downstream AD tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Haoxiang Rao , Zhao Wang , Chenyang Si , Yan Lyu , Yuanyi Duan , Fang Zhao , Caifeng Shan

We introduce a simple and intuitive self-supervision task, Natural Synthetic Anomalies (NSA), for training an end-to-end model for anomaly detection and localization using only normal training data. NSA integrates Poisson image editing to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Hannah M. Schlüter , Jeremy Tan , Benjamin Hou , Bernhard Kainz

In this paper, we present two pipelines in order to reduce the feature space for anomaly detection using the One Class SVM. As a first stage of both pipelines, we compare the performance of three convolutional autoencoders. We use the PCA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Simon Bilik , Karel Horak

Industrial visual inspection in pharmaceutical production requires high accuracy under strict constraints on cycle time, hardware footprint, and operational cost. Manual inline inspection is still common, but it is affected by operator…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Niccolò Ferrari , Nicola Zanarini , Michele Fraccaroli , Alice Bizzarri , Evelina Lamma

Anomaly detection in visual data refers to the problem of differentiating abnormal appearances from normal cases. Supervised approaches have been successfully applied to different domains, but require an abundance of labeled data. Due to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-29 Dejan Stepec , Danijel Skocaj

Image-based systems have gained popularity owing to their capacity to provide rich manufacturing status information, low implementation costs and high acquisition rates. However, the complexity of the image background and various anomaly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-06 Hao Xu , Juan Du , Andi Wang , YingCong Chen

Anomaly detection plays a key role in air quality analysis by enhancing situational awareness and alerting users to potential hazards. However, existing anomaly detection approaches for air quality analysis have their own limitations…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Dongyu Liu , Kalyan Veeramachaneni , Alexander Geiger , Victor O. K. Li , Huamin Qu

Image-based inspection systems have been widely deployed in manufacturing production lines. Due to the scarcity of defective samples, unsupervised anomaly detection that only leverages normal samples during training to detect various…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-22 Chengyu Tao , Hao Xu , Juan Du

Large pretrained vision foundation models have shown significant potential in various vision tasks. However, for industrial anomaly detection, the scarcity of real defect samples poses a critical challenge in leveraging these models. While…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yifeng Cheng , Juan Du

The efficacy of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in micro/nano manufacturing is fundamentally constrained by the scarcity of high-quality and physically grounded training data for defect inspection. Lithography defect data from semiconductor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yuehua Hu , Jiyeong Kong , Dong-yeol Shin , Jaekyun Kim , Kyung-Tae Kang

Quantum machine learning has gained attention for its potential to address computational challenges. However, whether those algorithms can effectively solve practical problems and outperform their classical counterparts, especially on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Maida Wang , Jinyang Jiang , Peter V. Coveney