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Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown promise in improving the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the specific challenges of adapting RL to multimodal data and formats remain relatively unexplored. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zirun Guo , Minjie Hong , Tao Jin

Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly applied to identify unsafe or inappropriate images due to their internal ethical standards and powerful reasoning abilities. However, it is still unclear whether they can recognize various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Yiting Qu , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

The deployment of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has brought forth a unique vulnerability: susceptibility to malicious attacks through visual inputs. This paper investigates the novel challenge of defending MLLMs against such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Renjie Pi , Tianyang Han , Jianshu Zhang , Yueqi Xie , Rui Pan , Qing Lian , Hanze Dong , Jipeng Zhang , Tong Zhang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are widely used in vision-language reasoning tasks. However, their vulnerability to adversarial prompts remains a serious concern, as safety mechanisms often fail to prevent the generation of harmful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zuoou Li , Weitong Zhang , Jingyuan Wang , Shuyuan Zhang , Wenjia Bai , Bernhard Kainz , Mengyun Qiao

This paper introduces LlavaGuard, a suite of VLM-based vision safeguards that address the critical need for reliable guardrails in the era of large-scale data and models. To this end, we establish a novel open framework, describing a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Lukas Helff , Felix Friedrich , Manuel Brack , Kristian Kersting , Patrick Schramowski

We introduce Skywork-R1V3, an advanced, open-source vision-language model (VLM) that pioneers a new approach to visual reasoning. Its key innovation lies in effectively transferring reasoning skills from text-only Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Wei Shen , Jiangbo Pei , Yi Peng , Xuchen Song , Yang Liu , Jian Peng , Haofeng Sun , Yunzhuo Hao , Peiyu Wang , Jianhao Zhang , Yahui Zhou

The diagnosis of pathological images is often limited by expert availability and regional disparities, highlighting the importance of automated diagnosis using Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Traditional multimodal models typically emphasize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Jianyu Wu , Hao Yang , Xinhua Zeng , Guibing He , Zhiyu Chen , Zihui Li , Xiaochuan Zhang , Yangyang Ma , Run Fang , Yang Liu

The rapid advancement of multi-modal large reasoning models (MLRMs) -- enhanced versions of multimodal language models (MLLMs) equipped with reasoning capabilities -- has revolutionized diverse applications. However, their safety…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Junfeng Fang , Yukai Wang , Ruipeng Wang , Zijun Yao , Kun Wang , An Zhang , Xiang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Ensuring safe and appropriate responses from vision-language models (VLMs) remains a critical challenge, particularly in high-risk or ambiguous scenarios. We introduce SafeCoT, a lightweight, interpretable framework that leverages…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Jiachen Ma , Zhanhui Zhou , Chao Yang , Chaochao Lu

Autonomous driving requires reliable perception and safe decision-making in complex scenarios. Recent vision-language models (VLMs) demonstrate reasoning and generalization abilities, opening new possibilities for autonomous driving;…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zecong Tang , Zixu Wang , Yifei Wang , Weitong Lian , Tianjian Gao , Haoran Li , Tengju Ru , Lingyi Meng , Zhejun Cui , Yichen Zhu , Qi Kang , Kaixuan Wang , Yu Zhang

The rapid advancement of generative models has significantly enhanced the realism and customization of digital content creation. The increasing power of these tools, coupled with their ease of access, fuels the creation of photorealistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Francesco Laiti , Benedetta Liberatori , Thomas De Min , Elisa Ricci

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled the development of powerful agentic systems capable of automating complex workflows across various fields. However, these systems are highly vulnerable to indirect prompt injection attacks, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Hao Li , Yankai Yang , G. Edward Suh , Ning Zhang , Chaowei Xiao

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are susceptible to the implicit reasoning risk, wherein innocuous unimodal inputs synergistically assemble into risky multimodal data that produce harmful outputs. We attribute this vulnerability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Wei Cai , Shujuan Liu , Jian Zhao , Ziyan Shi , Yusheng Zhao , Yuchen Yuan , Tianle Zhang , Chi Zhang , Xuelong Li

Iterative jailbreak methods that repeatedly rewrite and input prompts into large language models (LLMs) to induce harmful outputs -- using the model's previous responses to guide each new iteration -- have been found to be a highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Masahiro Kaneko , Zeerak Talat , Timothy Baldwin

Efficient and privacy-preserving multimodal interaction is essential as AR, VR, and modern smartphones with powerful cameras become primary interfaces for human-computer communication. Existing powerful large vision-language models (VLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Abhijit Mishra , Mingda Li , Hsiang Fu , Richard Noh , Minji Kim

We introduce SafeWork-R1, a cutting-edge multimodal reasoning model that demonstrates the coevolution of capabilities and safety. It is developed by our proposed SafeLadder framework, which incorporates large-scale, progressive,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Shanghai AI Lab , : , Yicheng Bao , Guanxu Chen , Mingkang Chen , Yunhao Chen , Chiyu Chen , Lingjie Chen , Sirui Chen , Xinquan Chen , Jie Cheng , Yu Cheng , Dengke Deng , Yizhuo Ding , Dan Ding , Xiaoshan Ding , Yi Ding , Zhichen Dong , Lingxiao Du , Yuyu Fan , Xinshun Feng , Yanwei Fu , Yuxuan Gao , Ruijun Ge , Tianle Gu , Lujun Gui , Jiaxuan Guo , Qianxi He , Yuenan Hou , Xuhao Hu , Hong Huang , Kaichen Huang , Shiyang Huang , Yuxian Jiang , Shanzhe Lei , Jie Li , Lijun Li , Hao Li , Juncheng Li , Xiangtian Li , Yafu Li , Lingyu Li , Xueyan Li , Haotian Liang , Dongrui Liu , Qihua Liu , Zhixuan Liu , Bangwei Liu , Huacan Liu , Yuexiao Liu , Zongkai Liu , Chaochao Lu , Yudong Lu , Xiaoya Lu , Zhenghao Lu , Qitan Lv , Caoyuan Ma , Jiachen Ma , Xiaoya Ma , Zhongtian Ma , Lingyu Meng , Ziqi Miao , Yazhe Niu , Yuezhang Peng , Yuan Pu , Han Qi , Chen Qian , Xingge Qiao , Jingjing Qu , Jiashu Qu , Wanying Qu , Wenwen Qu , Xiaoye Qu , Qihan Ren , Qingnan Ren , Qingyu Ren , Jing Shao , Wenqi Shao , Shuai Shao , Dongxing Shi , Xin Song , Xinhao Song , Yan Teng , Xuan Tong , Yingchun Wang , Xuhong Wang , Shujie Wang , Xin Wang , Yige Wang , Yixu Wang , Yuanfu Wang , Futing Wang , Ruofan Wang , Wenjie Wang , Yajie Wang , Muhao Wei , Xiaoyu Wen , Fenghua Weng , Yuqi Wu , Yingtong Xiong , Xingcheng Xu , Chao Yang , Yue Yang , Yang Yao , Yulei Ye , Zhenyun Yin , Yi Yu , Bo Zhang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Jinxuan Zhang , Yexin Zhang , Yinqiang Zheng , Hefeng Zhou , Zhanhui Zhou , Pengyu Zhu , Qingzi Zhu , Yubo Zhu , Bowen Zhou

Multimodal Large Language Models struggle to maintain reliable performance under extreme real-world visual degradations, which impede their practical robustness. Existing robust MLLMs predominantly rely on implicit training/adaptation that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Jiaqi Tang , Jianmin Chen , Wei Wei , Xiaogang Xu , Runtao Liu , Xiangyu Wu , Qipeng Xie , Jiafei Wu , Lei Zhang , Qifeng Chen

Recently DeepSeek R1 has shown that reinforcement learning (RL) can substantially improve the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through a simple yet effective design. The core of R1 lies in its rule-based reward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Haozhan Shen , Peng Liu , Jingcheng Li , Chunxin Fang , Yibo Ma , Jiajia Liao , Qiaoli Shen , Zilun Zhang , Kangjia Zhao , Qianqian Zhang , Ruochen Xu , Tiancheng Zhao

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in vision-language reasoning tasks, yet ensuring their safety remains a critical challenge. Recent input-side defenses detect unsafe images with CLIP and prepend safety…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Xingyu Zhu , Beier Zhu , Junfeng Fang , Shuo Wang , Yin Zhang , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Large language model (LLM) safety classifiers such as Llama Guard are effective at detecting overtly harmful prompts but remain vulnerable to adversarial jailbreak attacks that disguise malicious intent through role-play scenarios,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Lixing Lin , Juli You , Yue Li , Luyun Lin , Yiqing Wang , Zhen Zhang , Moxuan Zheng
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