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The use of new technologies in higher education has surprisingly emphasized students' tendency to adopt a passive behavior in class. Participation and interaction of students are essential to improve academic results. This paper describes…

Modeling the creative mathematical sensemaking that characterizes expert thinking in physics is typically a struggle for new learners. To help students learn to reason this way, we created a set of supplemental activities called Physics…

Physics Education · Physics 2017-09-21 Suzanne Brahmia , Andrew Boudreaux , Stephen E. Kanim

For two days in February 2018, 17 cybersecurity educators and professionals from government and industry met in a "hackathon" to refine existing draft multiple-choice test items, and to create new ones, for a Cybersecurity Concept Inventory…

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the design and implementation of automatically generated assessment reports (AutoRs) for formative use in K-12 Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) classrooms. With the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Ehsan Latif , Ying Chen , Xiaoming Zhai , Yue Yin

Research on self-evolving language agents has accelerated, drawing increasing attention to their ability to create, adapt, and maintain tools from task requirements. However, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on predefined…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Bowei Xia , Mengkang Hu , Shijian Wang , Jiarui Jin , Wenxiang Jiao , Yuan Lu , Kexin Li , Ping Luo

This paper explores the attributes necessary to determine the creative merit of intermediate artifacts produced during a computational co-creative process (CCC) in which a human and an artificial intelligence system collaborate in the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Juan Salamanca , Daniel Gómez-Marín , Sergi Jordà

Immersion in a creative task can be an intimate experience. It can feel like a mystery: intangible, inexplicable, and beyond the reach of science. However, science is making exciting headway into understanding creativity. While the mind of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-09 Alexandra Maland , Liane Gabora

The higher education (HE) sector benefits every nation's economy and society at large. However, their contributions are challenged by advanced technologies like generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools. In this paper, we provide a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Bayode Ogunleye , Kudirat Ibilola Zakariyyah , Oluwaseun Ajao , Olakunle Olayinka , Hemlata Sharma

Evaluating the capabilities and risks of foundation models is paramount, yet current methods demand extensive domain expertise, hindering their scalability as these models rapidly evolve. We introduce SKATE: a novel evaluation framework in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Dewi S. W. Gould , Bruno Mlodozeniec , Samuel F. Brown

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) presents a governance challenge for STEM assessment. Unrestricted GenAI access enables task outsourcing that undermines the validity of traditional assessments; blanket prohibitions are difficult…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yizhu Gao , Zhongzhou Chen , Min Li , Xiaoming Zhai

Online innovation communities allow for a search for novel solutions within a design space bounded by constraints. Past research has focused on the effect of creative constraints on individual projects, but less is known about how…

General Economics · Economics 2023-03-28 Victor P. Seidel , Christoph Riedl

This second paper in a multi-part series builds on the first, which introduced the Ways of Thinking for Engineering Design-based Physics (WoT4EDP) framework for STEM education in an introductory undergraduate physics course. Here, we apply…

One of the capabilities which 21st-century skill compulsory a person is critical thinking and problem-solving skill that becomes top positions rank. Focus on problem-solving skills can be taught to a child, especially begun in elementary…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Andik Asmara

Creativity support tools (CSTs) aim to elevate the quality of artists' creative processes and artifacts. Yet most current CST evaluations overlook temporal and social aspects of tool use. To address this gap, we present a longitudinal,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Catherine Liu , Tao Long , Asya Vaisberg , Chau Vu , Jiaju Ma , Jingyi Li

Intelligent tutoring systems increasingly provide automated feedback on student work, but robust feedback requires assessing reasoning, not only final answers. We study a failure mode we call the correct answer trap (CAT): models…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Moiz Imran , Sahan Bulathwela

The boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem asks whether there exists an assignment of boolean values to the variables of an arbitrary boolean formula making the formula evaluate to True. It is well-known that all NP-problems can be coded as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Christopher R. Serrano , Jonathan Gallagher , Kenji Yamada , Alexei Kopylov , Michael A. Warren

Creativity is a complex phenomenon. When it comes to representing and assessing creativity, treating it as a single undifferentiated quantity would appear naive and underwhelming. In this work, we learn the \emph{first type-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Jiyeon Han , Ali Mahdavi-Amiri , Hao Zhang , Haedong Jeong

This paper presents a critical review of the challenges to the implementation of learning technologies with particular focus on developing countries. A comprehensive literature review on learning technologies was undertaken for the purpose…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Parvathy Panicker

Assessing human creativity through visual outputs, such as drawings, plays a critical role in fields including psychology, education, and cognitive science. However, current assessment practices still rely heavily on expert-based subjective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Zihao Lin , Zhenshan Shi , Sasa Zhao , Hanwei Zhu , Lingyu Zhu , Baoliang Chen , Lei Mo

In education applications, knowledge tracing refers to the problem of estimating students' time-varying concept/skill mastery level from their past responses to questions and predicting their future performance. One key limitation of most…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Naiming Liu , Zichao Wang , Richard G. Baraniuk , Andrew Lan