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Threat hunting is a proactive methodology for exploring, detecting and mitigating cyberattacks within complex environments. As opposed to conventional detection systems, threat hunting strategies assume adversaries have infiltrated the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Ángel Casanova Bienzobas , Alfonso Sánchez-Macián

The dynamics of protection processes has been a fundamental challenge in systemic risk analysis. The conceptual principle and methodological techniques behind the mechanisms involved [in such dynamics] have been harder to grasp than…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Chulwook Park

Entropy notions for $\varepsilon$-incremental practical stability and incremental stability of deterministic nonlinear systems under disturbances are introduced. The entropy notions are constructed via a set of points in state space which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-13 Michelle S. Chong

The problem of attacks on new generation network infrastructures is becoming increasingly relevant, given the widening of the attack surface of these networks resulting from the greater number of devices that will access them in the future…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Mattia G. Spina , Floriano De Rango , Edoardo Scalzo , Francesca Guerriero , Antonio Iera

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve remarkable success through explicit thinking steps, yet the thinking steps introduce a novel risk by potentially amplifying unsafe behaviors. Despite this vulnerability, conventional defense mechanisms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Su-Hyeon Kim , Hyundong Jin , Yejin Lee , Yo-Sub Han

Trustworthy artificial intelligence increasingly relies on probabilistic computation to achieve robustness, interpretability, security and privacy. In practical systems, such workloads interleave deterministic data access with repeated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Xueji Zhao , Likai Pei , Jianbo Liu , Kai Ni , Ningyuan Cao

There have been numerous works on network intrusion detection and prevention systems, but work on application layer intrusion detection and prevention is rare and not very mature. Intrusion detection and prevention at both network and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-11-13 Amal Saha , Sugata Sanyal

Backdoor attacks are a significant threat to large language models (LLMs), often embedded via public checkpoints, yet existing defenses rely on impractical assumptions about trigger settings. To address this challenge, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Liang Lin , Miao Yu , Moayad Aloqaily , Zhenhong Zhou , Kun Wang , Linsey Pang , Prakhar Mehrotra , Qingsong Wen

Cyber-secure networked control is modeled, analyzed, and experimentally illustrated in this paper. An attack space defined by the adversary's system knowledge, disclosure, and disruption resources is introduced. Adversaries constrained by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-12-04 André Teixeira , Iman Shames , Henrik Sandberg , Karl H. Johansson

Cyber data attacks are the worst-case interacting bad data to power system state estimation and cannot be detected by existing bad data detectors. In this paper, we for the first time analyze the likelihood of cyber data attacks by…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Yingshuai Hao , Meng Wang , Joe Chow

Recent developments in adversarial machine learning have highlighted the importance of building robust AI systems to protect against increasingly sophisticated attacks. While frameworks like AI Guardian are designed to defend against these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Trinath Sai Subhash Reddy Pittala , Uma Maheswara Rao Meleti , Geethakrishna Puligundla

The cybersecurity threat landscape has lately become overly complex. Threat actors leverage weaknesses in the network and endpoint security in a very coordinated manner to perpetuate sophisticated attacks that could bring down the entire…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Mohit Sewak , Sanjay K. Sahay , Hemant Rathore

This article, a lightly adapted version of Perplexity's response to NIST/CAISI Request for Information 2025-0035, details our observations and recommendations concerning the security of frontier AI agents. These insights are informed by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ninghui Li , Kaiyuan Zhang , Kyle Polley , Jerry Ma

In this tutorial we review the essential arguments behing entropic inference. We focus on the epistemological notion of information and its relation to the Bayesian beliefs of rational agents. The problem of updating from a prior to a…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-05-20 Ariel Caticha

Active distribution networks facilitating bidirectional power exchange with renewable energy resources are susceptible to cyberattacks due to integration of a diverse array of cyber components. This study introduces a grid-level defense…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Hampei Sasahara , Tatsuya Yamada , Jun-ichi Imura , Henrik Sandberg

Modeling and analyzing security of networked systems is an important problem in the emerging Science of Security and has been under active investigation. In this paper, we propose a new approach towards tackling the problem. Our approach is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-29 Gaofeng Da , Maochao Xu , Shouhuai Xu

Website fingerprinting attack is an extensively studied technique used in a web browser to analyze traffic patterns and thus infer confidential information about users. Several website fingerprinting attacks based on machine learning and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Guodong Huang , Chuan Ma , Ming Ding , Yuwen Qian , Chunpeng Ge , Liming Fang , Zhe Liu

In this fast-evolving area of LLMs, our paper discusses the significant security risk presented by prompt injection attacks. It focuses on small open-sourced models, specifically the LLaMA family of models. We introduce novel defense…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Safwan Shaheer , G. M. Refatul Islam , Mohammad Rafid Hamid , Tahsin Zaman Jilan

Risk assessment is an inevitable step in implementation of a cyber-defense strategy. An important part of this assessment is to reason about the impact of possible attacks. In this paper, we propose a framework for estimating the impact of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Jezdimir Milosevic , Henrik Sandberg , Karl Henrik Johansson

Cybersecurity is a domain where the data distribution is constantly changing with attackers exploring newer patterns to attack cyber infrastructure. Intrusion detection system is one of the important layers in cyber safety in today's world.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Shraddha Mane , Dattaraj Rao