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Hindsight Experience Replay (HER) is a technique used in reinforcement learning (RL) that has proven to be very efficient for training off-policy RL-based agents to solve goal-based robotic manipulation tasks using sparse rewards. Even…

Learning optimal policies from sparse feedback is a known challenge in reinforcement learning. Hindsight Experience Replay (HER) is a multi-goal reinforcement learning algorithm that comes to solve such tasks. The algorithm treats every…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Binyamin Manela

Hindsight Experience Replay (HER) is a multi-goal reinforcement learning algorithm for sparse reward functions. The algorithm treats every failure as a success for an alternative (virtual) goal that has been achieved in the episode. Virtual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Binyamin Manela , Armin Biess

Multi-goal reinforcement learning is widely applied in planning and robot manipulation. Two main challenges in multi-goal reinforcement learning are sparse rewards and sample inefficiency. Hindsight Experience Replay (HER) aims to tackle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Rui Yang , Jiafei Lyu , Yu Yang , Jiangpeng Yan , Feng Luo , Dijun Luo , Lanqing Li , Xiu Li

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown promise for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) to follow instructions with various constraints. Despite the encouraging results, RL improvement inevitably relies on sampling successful, high-quality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Kongcheng Zhang , Qi Yao , Shunyu Liu , Wenjian Zhang , Min Cen , Yang Zhou , Wenkai Fang , Yiru Zhao , Baisheng Lai , Mingli Song

Sparse rewards pose a significant challenge to achieving high sample efficiency in goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (RL). Specifically, in sequential manipulation tasks, the agent receives failure rewards until it successfully…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Yuming Huang , Bin Ren , Ziming Xu , Lianghong Wu

Goal-oriented reinforcement learning has recently been a practical framework for robotic manipulation tasks, in which an agent is required to reach a certain goal defined by a function on the state space. However, the sparsity of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-19 Zhizhou Ren , Kefan Dong , Yuan Zhou , Qiang Liu , Jian Peng

In multi-goal reinforcement learning with a sparse binary reward, training agents is particularly challenging, due to a lack of successful experiences. To solve this problem, hindsight experience replay (HER) generates successful…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Taeyoung Kim , Dongsoo Har

Multi-goal robot manipulation tasks with sparse rewards are difficult for reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms due to the inefficiency in collecting successful experiences. Recent algorithms such as Hindsight Experience Replay (HER)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Erdi Sayar , Zhenshan Bing , Carlo D'Eramo , Ozgur S. Oguz , Alois Knoll

Hindsight experience replay (HER) is well-known to accelerate goal-based reinforcement learning (RL). While HER is generally applied to off-policy RL algorithms, we previously showed that HER can also accelerate on-policy algorithms, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Douglas C. Crowder , Matthew L. Trappett , Darrien M. McKenzie , Frances S. Chance

Exploration with sparse rewards remains a challenging research problem in reinforcement learning (RL). Especially for sequential object manipulation tasks, the RL agent always receives negative rewards until completing all sub-tasks, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Yongle Luo , Yuxin Wang , Kun Dong , Qiang Zhang , Erkang Cheng , Zhiyong Sun , Bo Song

Hindsight experience replay (HER) is a goal relabelling technique typically used with off-policy deep reinforcement learning algorithms to solve goal-oriented tasks; it is well suited to robotic manipulation tasks that deliver only sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Tianhong Dai , Hengyan Liu , Kai Arulkumaran , Guangyu Ren , Anil Anthony Bharath

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms typically require millions of environment interactions to learn successful policies in sparse reward settings. Hindsight Experience Replay (HER) was introduced as a technique to increase sample…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Himanshu Sahni , Toby Buckley , Pieter Abbeel , Ilya Kuzovkin

Designing rewards for Reinforcement Learning (RL) is challenging because it needs to convey the desired task, be efficient to optimize, and be easy to compute. The latter is particularly problematic when applying RL to robotics, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Yiming Ding , Carlos Florensa , Mariano Phielipp , Pieter Abbeel

Experience replay is an important technique for addressing sample-inefficiency in deep reinforcement learning (RL), but faces difficulty in learning from binary and sparse rewards due to disproportionately few successful experiences in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Sameera Lanka , Tianfu Wu

Efficient learning in the environment with sparse rewards is one of the most important challenges in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). In continuous DRL environments such as robotic arms control, Hindsight Experience Replay (HER) has been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Qiwei He , Liansheng Zhuang , Houqiang Li

Deep learning has achieved remarkable successes in solving challenging reinforcement learning (RL) problems when dense reward function is provided. However, in sparse reward environment it still often suffers from the need to carefully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Hao Liu , Alexander Trott , Richard Socher , Caiming Xiong

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) frameworks like Option-Critic (OC) and Multi-updates Option Critic (MOC) have introduced significant advancements in learning reusable options. However, these methods underperform in multi-goal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Gabriel Romio , Mateus Begnini Melchiades , Bruno Castro da Silva , Gabriel de Oliveira Ramos

Solving multi-goal reinforcement learning (RL) problems with sparse rewards is generally challenging. Existing approaches have utilized goal relabeling on collected experiences to alleviate issues raised from sparse rewards. However, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Rui Yang , Meng Fang , Lei Han , Yali Du , Feng Luo , Xiu Li

Learning complex tasks from scratch is challenging and often impossible for humans as well as for artificial agents. A curriculum can be used instead, which decomposes a complex task (target task) into a sequence of source tasks (the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Binyamin Manela , Armin Biess
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