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Accurately estimating the position of static objects, such as traffic lights, from the moving camera of a self-driving car is a challenging problem. In this work, we present a system that improves the localization of static objects by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Mohamed Chaabane , Lionel Gueguen , Ameni Trabelsi , Ross Beveridge , Stephen O'Hara

With recent breakthroughs in deep neural networks, numerous tasks within autonomous driving have exhibited remarkable performance. However, deep learning models are susceptible to adversarial attacks, presenting significant security risks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Lu Wang , Tianyuan Zhang , Yikai Han , Muyang Fang , Ting Jin , Jiaqi Kang

End-to-end learning has emerged as a transformative paradigm in autonomous driving. However, the inherently multimodal nature of driving behaviors and the generalization challenges in long-tail scenarios remain critical obstacles to robust…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Rui Zhao , Yuze Fan , Ziguo Chen , Fei Gao , Zhenhai Gao

Advanced sensors are a key to enable self-driving cars technology. Laser scanner sensors (LiDAR, Light Detection And Ranging) became a fundamental choice due to its long-range and robustness to low light driving conditions. The problem of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-19 Khaled Elmadawi , Moemen Abdelrazek , Mohamed Elsobky , Hesham M. Eraqi , Mohamed Zahran

With the recent development of autonomous vehicle technology, there have been active efforts on the deployment of this technology at different scales that include urban and highway driving. While many of the prototypes showcased have been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-14 David Paz , Po-jung Lai , Nathan Chan , Yuqing Jiang , Henrik I. Christensen

Generalization under distribution shift remains a central bottleneck for closed-loop autonomous driving. Although simulators like CARLA enable safe and scalable testing, existing benchmarks rarely measure true generalization: they typically…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Simon Gerstenecker , Andreas Geiger , Katrin Renz

End-to-end autonomous driving (E2EAD) systems, which learn to predict future trajectories directly from sensor data, are fundamentally challenged by the inherent spatio-temporal imbalance of trajectory data. This imbalance creates a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zhiyu Zheng , Shaoyu Chen , Haoran Yin , Xinbang Zhang , Jialv Zou , Xinggang Wang , Qian Zhang , Lefei Zhang

A practical autonomous driving system urges the need to reliably and accurately detect vehicles and persons. In this report, we introduce a state-of-the-art 2D object detection system for autonomous driving scenarios. Specifically, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Sijia Chen , Yu Wang , Li Huang , Runzhou Ge , Yihan Hu , Zhuangzhuang Ding , Jie Liao

Most recent work in autonomous driving has prioritized benchmark performance and methodological innovation over in-depth analysis of model failures, biases, and shortcut learning. This has led to incremental improvements without a deep…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Simon Gerstenecker , Andreas Geiger , Katrin Renz

As automatic parking systems evolve, the accurate detection of parking slots has become increasingly critical. This study focuses on parking slot detection using surround-view cameras, which offer a comprehensive bird's-eye view of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Zhihao Zhang , Chunyu Lin , Lang Nie , Jiyuan Wang , Yao Zhao

Directly producing planning results from raw sensors has been a long-desired solution for autonomous driving and has attracted increasing attention recently. Most existing end-to-end autonomous driving methods factorize this problem into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Wenzhao Zheng , Ruiqi Song , Xianda Guo , Chenming Zhang , Long Chen

Autonomous race cars require perception, estimation, planning, and control modules which work together asynchronously while driving at the limit of a vehicle's handling capability. A fundamental challenge encountered in designing these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Achin Jain , Matthew O'Kelly , Pratik Chaudhari , Manfred Morari

Deep learning has been widely used in various applications from different fields such as computer vision, natural language processing, etc. However, the training models are often manually developed via many costly experiments. This manual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Thanh Phuong Pham

While end-to-end autonomous driving has achieved remarkable progress in geometric control, current systems remain constrained by a command-following paradigm that relies on simple navigational instructions. Transitioning to genuinely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Huan Zheng , Yucheng Zhou , Tianyi Yan , Jiayi Su , Hongjun Chen , Dubing Chen , Xingtai Gui , Wencheng Han , Runzhou Tao , Zhongying Qiu , Jianfei Yang , Jianbing Shen

Imitation learning is a promising approach to end-to-end training of autonomous vehicle controllers. Typically the driving process with such approaches is entirely automatic and black-box, although in practice it is desirable to control the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Renhao Wang , Adam Scibior , Frank Wood

Many modern applications involve predicting structured, non-Euclidean outputs such as probability distributions, networks, and symmetric positive-definite matrices. These outputs are naturally modeled as elements of general metric spaces,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-30 Yidong Zhou , Su I Iao , Hans-Georg Müller

Pedestrian motion prediction is a key part of the modular-based autonomous driving pipeline, ensuring safe, accurate, and timely awareness of human agents' possible future trajectories. The autonomous vehicle can use this information to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Dmytro Zabolotnii , Yar Muhammad , Naveed Muhammad

Human drivers produce a vast amount of data which could, in principle, be used to improve autonomous driving systems. Unfortunately, seemingly straightforward approaches for creating end-to-end driving models that map sensor data directly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Yi Xiao , Felipe Codevilla , Christopher Pal , Antonio M. Lopez

This survey offers a comprehensive examination of collaborative perception datasets in the context of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X). It highlights the latest developments in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Melih Yazgan , Mythra Varun Akkanapragada , J. Marius Zoellner

The objective of this paper is to develop a sample efficient end-to-end deep learning method for self-driving cars, where we attempt to increase the value of the information extracted from samples, through careful analysis obtained from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Yunus Bicer , Ali Alizadeh , Nazim Kemal Ure , Ahmetcan Erdogan , Orkun Kizilirmak