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Related papers: Soft theorems and spontaneous symmetry breaking

200 papers

I demonstrate that soft graviton modes in de Sitter spacetimes are the Goldstone modes of the spontaneously broken asymptotic symmetry group of de Sitter space. I then show that any local measurement, including the effects of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-10 Martin S. Sloth

The single-soft-graviton limit of any quantum gravity scattering amplitude is given at leading order by the universal Weinberg pole formula. Gauge invariance of the formula follows from global energy-momentum conservation. In this paper…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-06-11 Freddy Cachazo , Andrew Strominger

We consider some aspects of spontaneous breaking of Lorentz Invariance in field theories, discussing the possibility that the certain tensor operators may condensate in the ground state in which case the tensor Goldstone particles would…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-08-27 Z. Berezhiani , O. V. Kancheli

Conformal invariance is spontaneously broken in many physical systems leading to the appearance of a single massless Goldstone mode in the spectrum, the dilaton. The dilaton soft limit is shown to generically encode the action of both the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-07-31 Rutger H. Boels , Wadim Wormsbecher

The mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking in quantum systems is briefly reviewed, rectifying part of the standard wisdom on logical and mathematical grounds. The crucial role of the localization properties of the time evolution for the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2012-01-27 F. Strocchi

We consider massless scattering from the point of view of the position, momentum, and celestial bases. In these three languages different properties of physical processes become manifest or obscured. Within the soft sector, they highlight…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-07-06 Laura Donnay , Sabrina Pasterski , Andrea Puhm

We provide a unified treatment of conformally soft Goldstone modes which arise when spin-one or spin-two conformal primary wavefunctions become pure gauge for certain integer values of the conformal dimension $\Delta$. This effort lands us…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-10-28 Laura Donnay , Sabrina Pasterski , Andrea Puhm

The soft limits of scattering amplitudes have been extensively studied due to their essential role in the computation of physical observables in collider physics. The universal factorisation that occurs in these kinematic limits has been…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-12-14 Tristan McLoughlin , Andrea Puhm , Ana-Maria Raclariu

We adapt the Goldstone theorem to study spontaneous symmetry breaking in relativistic theo- ries at finite charge density. It is customary to treat systems at finite density via non-relativistic Hamiltonians. Here we highlight the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-01-10 Alberto Nicolis , Federico Piazza

We analyse Coleman's theorem asserting the absence Goldstone bosons and spontaneously broken continuous symmetry in the quantum field theory of a free massless (pseudo)scalar field in 1+1-dimensional space-time (Comm. Math. Phys. 31, 259…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Faber , A. N. Ivanov

Soft behaviours of S-matrix for massless theories reflect the underlying symmetry principle that enforces its masslessness. As an expansion in soft momenta, sub-leading soft theorems can arise either due to (I) unique structure of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-01-17 Andrea L. Guerrieri , Yu-tin Huang , Zhi-Zhong Li , Congkao Wen

Exact discrete symmetries, if non-linearly realized, can reduce the ultraviolet sensitivity of a given theory. The scalars stemming from spontaneous symmetry breaking are massive without breaking the discrete symmetry, and those masses are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-02-16 Victor Enguita Vileta , Belen Gavela , Rachel Houtz , Pablo Quilez

It is shown that nonlinear terms in equations of gravitons on the background of curved space-time of the expanding Universe can solve the problem of the negative square of the effective mass formally arising in linear approximation for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-05-08 A. A. Grib

We obtain the subleading soft theorem for a generic theory of quantum gravity, for arbitrary number of soft photons and gravitons and for arbitrary number of finite energy particles with arbitrary mass and spin when all the soft particles…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-01-09 Sayali Atul Bhatkar , Biswajit Sahoo

A megascopic revalidation is offered providing responses and resolutions of current inconsistencies and existing contradictions in present-day quantum theory. As the core of this study we present an independent proof of the Goldstone…

General Physics · Physics 2020-04-03 Michal Svrček

Depending on the coupling to the environment, symmetries of open quantum systems manifest in two distinct forms, the strong and the weak. We study the spontaneous symmetry breaking among phases with strong symmetry, weak symmetry, and no…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Ding Gu , Zijian Wang , Zhong Wang

In this paper, we derive a soft photon theorem and a soft gluon theorem in the de Sitter spacetime from the Ward identity of the near cosmological horizon large gauge transformation. Taking the flat limit of the de Sitter spacetime, the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-11 Pujian Mao , Kai-Yu Zhang

We establish a classical analog of the Nambu-Goldstone theorem for spontaneous breaking of spacetime symmetries. It provides a counting rule for independent Nambu-Goldstone fields and states which of them are gapped. We demonstrate that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-01-07 Ivan Kharuk , Andrey Shkerin

We consider effective field theories (EFTs) of scalar fields with broken Lorentz boosts, which arise by taking the decoupling and flat-space limits of the EFT of inflation, and derive constraints that must be satisfied by the corresponding…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-12 Zongzhe Du , David Stefanyszyn

We argue that in an inflationary cosmology a consequence of the lack of time translational invariance is that spontaneous breaking of a continuous symmetry and Goldstone's theorem \emph{do not} imply the existence of \emph{massless}…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-07-12 Daniel Boyanovsky