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The adoption of virtual reality (VR) technologies has rapidly gained momentum in recent years as companies around the world begin to position the so-called "metaverse" as the next major medium for accessing and interacting with the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Gonzalo Munilla Garrido , Vivek Nair , Dawn Song

The "Darkverse" could be the negative harmful area of the Metaverse; a new virtual immersive environment for the facilitation of illicit activity such as misinformation, fraud, harassment, and illegal marketplaces. This paper explores the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Raymond Chan , Benjamin W. J. Kwok , Adriel Yeo , Kan Chen , Jeannie S. Lee

As Virtual Reality (VR) applications grow in popularity, they have bridged distances and brought users closer together. However, with this growth, there have been increasing concerns about security and privacy, especially related to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Zihao Su , Kunlin Cai , Reuben Beeler , Lukas Dresel , Allan Garcia , Ilya Grishchenko , Yuan Tian , Christopher Kruegel , Giovanni Vigna

Social Virtual Reality (VR) games offer immersive socialization experiences but pose significant challenges of harassment. Common solutions, such as reporting and moderation, address harassment after it happens but fail to prevent or stop…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Zhehui Liao , Hanwen Zhao , Ayush Kulkarni , Shaan Singh Chattrath , Amy X. Zhang

This position paper explores the possibilities and challenges of using Virtual Reality (VR) in remote user studies. Highlighting the immersive nature of VR, the paper identifies key vulnerabilities, including varying technical proficiency,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Viktorija Paneva , Florian Alt

Dating apps such as Tinder have announced plans for a dating metaverse: the incorporation of XR technologies into the online dating process to augment interactions between potential sexual partners across virtual and physical worlds. While…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Sarath S. Shanker , Douglas Zytko

Virtual reality (VR), while enhancing user experiences, introduces significant privacy risks. This paper reveals a novel vulnerability in VR systems that allows attackers to capture VR privacy through obstacles utilizing millimeter-wave…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Luoyu Mei , Ruofeng Liu , Zhimeng Yin , Qingchuan Zhao , Wenchao Jiang , Shuai Wang , Kangjie Lu , Tian He

Educating children and young people to be safe online is essential, especially as the metaverse, a next-generation internet blending immersive technologies, promises to reshape their interactions and amplify their experiences. While virtual…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Sophie McKenzie , Jeb Webb , Robin Doss

Virtual Reality (VR) is an exciting new consumer technology which offers an immersive audio-visual experience to users through which they can navigate and interact with a digitally represented 3D space (i.e., a virtual world) using a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Mohd Sabra , Nisha Vinayaga Sureshkanth , Ari Sharma , Anindya Maiti , Murtuza Jadliwala

Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a transformative technology across industries, yet its security weaknesses, including vulnerabilities, are underinvestigated. This study investigates 334 VR projects hosted on GitHub, examining 1,681…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Yifan Xu , Jinfu Chen , Zhenyu Qi , Huashan Chen , Junyi Wang , Pengfei Hu , Feng Liu , Sen He

We envision deepfake technologies, which synthesize realistic fake images and videos, will play an important role in the future metaverse. While enhancing users' immersion and experience with synthesized virtual characters and scenes,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Haojie Wu , Pan Hui , Pengyuan Zhou

"Virtual-Physical Perceptual Manipulations" (VPPMs) such as redirected walking and haptics expand the user's capacity to interact with Virtual Reality (VR) beyond what would ordinarily physically be possible. VPPMs leverage knowledge of the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Wen-Jie Tseng , Elise Bonnail , Mark McGill , Mohamed Khamis , Eric Lecolinet , Samuel Huron , Jan Gugenheimer

As augmented reality (AR) becomes increasingly integrated into everyday life, ensuring the safety and trustworthiness of its virtual content is critical. Our research addresses the risks of task-detrimental AR content, particularly that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Yanming Xiu

Mixed Reality (MR) integrates virtual objects with the real world, offering potential but raising concerns about misuse through dark patterns. This study explored the effects of four dark patterns, adapted from prior research, and applied…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Luca-Maxim Meinhardt , Simon Demharter , Michael Rietzler , Mark Colley , Thomas Eßmeyer , Enrico Rukzio

By focusing on immersive interaction among users, the burgeoning Metaverse can be viewed as a natural extension of existing social media. Similar to traditional online social networks, there are numerous security and privacy issues in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Ruizhi Cheng , Songqing Chen , Bo Han

Password-based authentication is one of the most commonly used methods for verifying user identities, and its widespread usage continues in virtual reality (VR) applications. As a result, various forms of attacks on password-based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yijun Yuan , Na Du , Adam J. Lee , Balaji Palanisamy

The metaverse has gained significant attention from various industries due to its potential to create a fully immersive and interactive virtual world. However, the integration of deepfakes in the metaverse brings serious security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Shahroz Tariq , Alsharif Abuadbba , Kristen Moore

Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly used as a social platform for users to interact and build connections with one another in an immersive virtual environment. Reflecting on the empirical progress in this area of study, a comprehensive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Xiaoying Wei , Xiaofu Jin , Ge Lin Kan , Yukang Yan , Mingming Fan

The term "metaverse", a three-dimensional virtual universe similar to the real realm, has always been full of imagination since it was put forward in the 1990s. Recently, it is possible to realize the metaverse with the continuous emergence…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Ruoyu Zhao , Yushu Zhang , Youwen Zhu , Rushi Lan , Zhongyun Hua

The emergence of the metaverse - envisioned as a hyperreal virtual universe enabling boundless human interaction - has the potential to revolutionize our conception of media. This transformation could alter society as we know it. This paper…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ljubisa Bojic , Joerg Matthes , Agariadne Dwinggo Samala , Milan Cabarkapa