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Drug repurposing is often framed as a candidate identification task, but existing approaches provide limited guidance for distinguishing biologically plausible candidates from historically well-connected ones. Here we introduce DrugKLM, a…
Recent advances in multimodal large language models enable new possibilities for image-based decision support. However, their reliability and operational trade-offs in neuroimaging remain insufficiently understood. We present a…
The ReAct (Reasoning + Action) capability in large language models (LLMs) has become the foundation of modern agentic systems. Recent LLMs, such as DeepSeek-R1 and OpenAI o1/o3, exemplify this by emphasizing reasoning through the generation…
Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and Gemini have significantly advanced natural language processing, enabling various applications such as chatbots and automated content generation. However, these models can be exploited by…
Advances in large language models (LLMs) have empowered a variety of applications. However, there is still a significant gap in research when it comes to understanding and enhancing the capabilities of LLMs in the field of mental health. In…
Evaluating large language models (LLMs) has recently emerged as a critical issue for safe and trustworthy application of LLMs in the medical domain. Although a variety of static medical question-answering (QA) benchmarks have been proposed,…
Predictive analysis is a cornerstone of modern decision-making, with applications in various domains. Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in enabling nuanced, knowledge-intensive conversations, thus aiding in complex…
Generalization across Agentic tool-calling environments remains a key unsolved challenge in developing reliable agentic reasoning systems. While large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance on isolated benchmarks, their…
Large Language Models (LLMs) based autonomous agents demonstrate multifaceted capabilities to contribute substantially to economic production. However, existing benchmarks remain focused on single agentic capability, failing to capture…
Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in natural language processing tasks, including dialogue generation. This research aims to conduct a novel comparative analysis of two prominent techniques, fine-tuning with…
Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) systems have the potential to enhance clinical decision-making by interpreting various types of medical data. However, the effectiveness of these models across all medical fields is uncertain. Each…
This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the performance of seven different Large Language Models (LLMs) in solving a diverse set of math advanced calculus problems. The study aims to evaluate these models' accuracy, reliability, and…
Effort estimation is a crucial activity in agile software development, where teams collaboratively review, discuss, and estimate the effort required to complete user stories in a product backlog. Current practices in agile effort estimation…
Formulating a treatment plan is inherently a complex reasoning and refinement task rather than a simple generation problem. However, existing large language models (LLMs) mainly rely on one-shot output without explicit verification, which…
The growing prominence of large language models (LLMs) necessitates the exploration of their capabilities beyond English. This research investigates the Telugu language proficiency of ChatGPT and Gemini, two leading LLMs. Through a designed…
There are two main barriers to using large language models (LLMs) in clinical reasoning. Firstly, while LLMs exhibit significant promise in Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, their performance in complex reasoning and planning falls…
While Large Language Models (LLMs) have empowered AI research agents to perform isolated scientific tasks, automating complex, real-world workflows, such as LLM training, remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we introduce TREX, a…
The evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) from passive text generators to autonomous, goal-driven systems represents a fundamental shift in artificial intelligence. This chapter examines the emergence of agentic AI systems that…
Large Language Model (LLM) based agents have proved their ability to perform complex tasks like humans. However, there is still a large gap between open-sourced LLMs and commercial models like the GPT series. In this paper, we focus on…
The emergence of agentic AI, powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), marks a paradigm shift from reactive generative systems to proactive, goal-oriented autonomous agents capable of sophisticated planning, memory, and tool use. This…