Related papers: Characterization of $P_3$-connected graphs

A finite graph $\G$ is said to be {\em $(G,3)$-$($connected$)$ homogeneous} if every isomorphism between any two isomorphic (connected) subgraphs of order at most $3$ extends to an automorphism $g\in G$ of the graph, where $G$ is a group of…

An edge subset \( S \subseteq E(G) \) is called a 3-restricted edge-cut if \( G - S \) is disconnected and each component of \( G - S \) contains at least three vertices. The 3-restricted edge-connectivity of a graph \( G \), denoted by \(…

A graph $G$ is $\mathcal S_3$-connected if, for any mapping $\beta : V (G) \mapsto {\mathbb Z}_3$ with $\sum_{v\in V(G)} \beta(v)\equiv 0\pmod3$, there exists a strongly connected orientation $D$ satisfying $d^{+}_D(v)-d^{-}_D(v)\equiv…

A path in an edge-colored graph is called proper if no two consecutive edges of the path receive the same color. For a connected graph $G$, the proper connection number $pc(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the minimum number of colors needed to…

For a simple graph $G$, the $3$-distance graph, $D_3(G)$, is a graph with the vertex set $V(G)$ and two vertices are adjacent if and only if their distance is $3$ in the graph $G$. For a connected graph $G$, we provide some conditions for…

An edge subset \( S \subseteq E(G) \) is called a 3-restricted edge-cut if $G-S$ is disconnected and each component of \( G - S \) contains at least three vertices. The 3-restricted edge-connectivity of a graph \( G \), denoted by \(…

Considering connected $K_{1,3}$-free graphs with independence number at least $3$, Chudnovsky and Seymour (2010) showed that every such graph, say $G$, is $2\omega$-colourable where $\omega$ denotes the clique number of $G$. We study…

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$ and let $u,v$ be vertices of $G$. Let $\kappa_G(u,v)$ denote the maximum number of internally disjoint $u$-$v$ paths in $G$. Then the average connectivity $\overline{\kappa}(G)$ of $G$, is defined as $…

Let $G$ and $H$ be simple 3-connected graphs such that $G$ has an $H$-minor. An edge $e$ in $G$ is called {\it $H$-deletable} if $G\backslash e$ is 3-connected and has an $H$-minor. The main result in this paper establishes that, if $G$ has…

An integer-valued sequence $\pi=(d_1, \ldots, d_n)$ is {\em graphic} if there is a simple graph $G$ with degree sequence of $\pi$. We say the $\pi$ has a realization $G$. Let $Z_3$ be a cyclic group of order three. A graph $G$ is {\em…

A path in an edge-colored graph is called a proper path if no two adjacent edges of the path are colored the same. For a connected graph $G$, the proper connection number $pc(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the minimum number of colors needed to…

A graph $G$ is geodetic if between any two vertices there exists a unique shortest path. In 1962 Ore raised the challenge to characterize geodetic graphs, but despite many attempts, such characterization still seems well beyond reach. We…

In this paper, all graphs are assumed to be finite. For $s\geq 1$ and a graph $\G$, if for every pair of isomorphic connected induced subgraphs on at most $s$ vertices there exists an automorphism of $\G$ mapping the first to the second,…

A graph $G$ is called an $[s,t]$-graph if any induced subgraph of $G$ of order $s$ has size at least $t$. In 2024, Zhan conjectured that every $2$-connected $[p + 2, p]$-graph of order at least $2p + 3$ and with minimum degree at least $p$…

A tree $T$ in an edge-colored graph is a {\it proper tree} if no two adjacent edges of $T$ receive the same color. Let $G$ be a connected graph of order $n$ and $k$ be a fixed integer with $2\le k\le n$. For a vertex subset $S \subseteq…

A graph on at least ${{k+1}}$ vertices is uniformly $k$-connected if each pair of its vertices is connected by $k$ and not more than $k$ independent paths. We reinvestigate a recent constructive characterization of uniformly $3$-connected…

An edge-coloured graph $G$ is called $properly$ $connected$ if every two vertices are connected by a proper path. The $proper$ $connection$ $number$ of a connected graph $G$, denoted by $pc(G)$, is the smallest number of colours that are…

An edge-colored graph $G$ is conflict-free connected if any two of its vertices are connected by a path which contains a color used on exactly one of its edges. The conflict-free connection number of a connected graph $G$, denoted by…

Let $G$ be a (multi)graph of order $n$ and let $u,v$ be vertices of $G$. The maximum number of internally disjoint $u$-$v$ paths in $G$ is denoted by $\kappa_G(u,v)$, and the maximum number of edge-disjoint $u$-$v$ paths in $G$ is denoted…

Let $G$ be a simple graph of order $n\geq 2$ and let $k\in \{1,\ldots ,n-1\}$. The $k$-token graph $F_k(G)$ of $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-subsets of $V(G)$, where two vertices are adjacent in $F_k(G)$ whenever their…