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Existing approaches for replay and synthetic speech detection still lack generalizability to unseen spoofing attacks. This work proposes to leverage a novel model structure, so-called Res2Net, to improve the anti-spoofing countermeasure's…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-16 Xu Li , Na Li , Chao Weng , Xunying Liu , Dan Su , Dong Yu , Helen Meng

The ResNet-based architecture has been widely adopted to extract speaker embeddings for text-independent speaker verification systems. By introducing the residual connections to the CNN and standardizing the residual blocks, the ResNet…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-01 Tianyan Zhou , Yong Zhao , Jian Wu

Automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems are often affected by spoofing attacks. Recent transformer-based models have improved anti-spoofing performance by learning strong feature representations. However, these models usually need high…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-14 Yang Xiao , Ting Dang , Rohan Kumar Das

Synthetic voice and splicing audio clips have been generated to spoof Internet users and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as voice authentication. Existing research work treats spoofing countermeasures as a binary…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-30 Lei Wang , Benedict Yeoh , Jun Wah Ng

The spoof speech detection (SSD) is the essential countermeasure for automatic speaker verification systems. Although SSD with magnitude features in the frequency domain has shown promising results, the phase information also can be…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Juntae Kim , Sung Min Ban

In recent years, synthetic speech generated by advanced text-to-speech (TTS) and voice conversion (VC) systems has caused great harms to automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems, urging us to design a synthetic speech detection system…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Youxuan Ma , Zongze Ren , Shugong Xu

Existing speech anti-spoofing benchmarks rely on a narrow set of public models, creating a substantial gap from real-world scenarios in which commercial systems employ diverse, often proprietary APIs. To address this issue, we introduce…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Xueping Zhang , Zhenshan Zhang , Yechen Wang , Linxi Li , Liwei Jin , Ming Li

With the rapid development of speech conversion and speech synthesis algorithms, automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems are vulnerable to spoofing attacks. In recent years, researchers had proposed a number of anti-spoofing methods…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Qiaowei Ma , Jinghui Zhong , Yitao Yang , Weiheng Liu , Ying Gao , Wing W. Y. Ng

The state-of-art models for speech synthesis and voice conversion are capable of generating synthetic speech that is perceptually indistinguishable from bonafide human speech. These methods represent a threat to the automatic speaker…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Moustafa Alzantot , Ziqi Wang , Mani B. Srivastava

Current audio deepfake detection has achieved remarkable performance using diverse deep learning architectures such as ResNet, and has seen further improvements with the introduction of large models (LMs) like Wav2Vec. The success of large…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yupei Li , Shuaijie Shao , Manuel Milling , Björn Schuller

End-to-end approaches to anti-spoofing, especially those which operate directly upon the raw signal, are starting to be competitive with their more traditional counterparts. Until recently, all such approaches consider only the learning of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-07 Wanying Ge , Jose Patino , Massimiliano Todisco , Nicholas Evans

Speaker verification systems have been used in many production scenarios in recent years. Unfortunately, they are still highly prone to different kinds of spoofing attacks such as voice conversion and speech synthesis, etc. In this paper,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Junxiao Xue , Hao Zhou , Yabo Wang

Self-supervised learning has been proved to benefit a wide range of speech processing tasks, such as speech recognition/translation, speaker verification and diarization, etc. However, most of current approaches are computationally…

Robust audio anti-spoofing has been increasingly challenging due to the recent advancements on deepfake techniques. While spectrograms have demonstrated their capability for anti-spoofing, complementary information presented in multi-order…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Penghui Wen , Kun Hu , Wenxi Yue , Sen Zhang , Wanlei Zhou , Zhiyong Wang

Speaker verification systems experience significant performance degradation when tasked with short-duration trial recordings. To address this challenge, a multi-scale feature fusion approach has been proposed to effectively capture speaker…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-05 Yafeng Chen , Siqi Zheng , Hui Wang , Luyao Cheng , Qian Chen , Shiliang Zhang , Junjie Li

Conventional spoofing detection systems have heavily relied on the use of handcrafted features derived from speech data. However, a notable shift has recently emerged towards the direct utilization of raw speech waveforms, as demonstrated…

Representing features at multiple scales is of great importance for numerous vision tasks. Recent advances in backbone convolutional neural networks (CNNs) continually demonstrate stronger multi-scale representation ability, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Shang-Hua Gao , Ming-Ming Cheng , Kai Zhao , Xin-Yu Zhang , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Philip Torr

The second Automatic Speaker Verification Spoofing and Countermeasures challenge (ASVspoof 2017) focused on "replay attack" detection. The best deep-learning systems to compete in ASVspoof 2017 used Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) as a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-05-24 Bhusan Chettri , Saumitra Mishra , Bob L. Sturm , Emmanouil Benetos

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been demonstrated to outperform many traditional machine learning algorithms in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). In this paper, we show that a large improvement in the accuracy of deep speech models can…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Ahmed Baruwa , Mojeed Abisiga , Ibrahim Gbadegesin , Afeez Fakunle

Advances in voice conversion and text-to-speech synthesis have made automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems more susceptible to spoofing attacks. This work explores modest refinements to the AASIST anti-spoofing architecture. It…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Ivan Viakhirev , Daniil Sirota , Aleksandr Smirnov , Kirill Borodin
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