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Related papers: Network Effects of Tariffs

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Estimating the structure of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from observational data remains a significant challenge in machine learning. Most research in this area concentrates on learning a single DAG for the entire population. This paper…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-21 Ryan Thompson , Edwin V. Bonilla , Robert Kohn

We develop a simple theoretic game a model to analyze the relationship between electoral sys tems and governments' choice in trade policies. We show that existence of international pressure or foreign lobby changes a government's final…

General Economics · Economics 2020-03-13 Serkan Kucuksenel , Osman Gulseven

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are commonly used to model causal relationships among random variables. In general, learning the DAG structure is both computationally and statistically challenging. Moreover, without additional information,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-26 Ali Shojaie , Wenyu Chen

The structure bilateral trading costs is one of the key features of international trade. Drawing upon the freeness-of-trade matrix, which allows the modeling of N-state trade costs, we develop a ``geometry of inconvenience'' to better…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-04-11 Michael Coopman , Austin Jacobs , Henry Pascoe , J. E. Pascoe

Networks are ubiquitous in economic research on organizations, trade, and many other areas. However, while economic theory extensively considers networks, no general framework for their empirical modeling has yet emerged. We thus introduce…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-10 Giacomo De Nicola , Cornelius Fritz , Marius Mehrl , Göran Kauermann

This paper investigates how geopolitical conflict reshapes trade patterns, focusing on the economic consequences of the Russo-Ukrainian war on European and global trade flows. War is conceptualized as a shock that increases bilateral trade…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-19 Luigi Capoani , Margarita Shnaider , Piergiorgio Martini

This study examines the effects of de-globalization trends on international trade networks and their role in improving forecasts for economic growth. Using section-level trade data from nearly 200 countries from 2010 to 2022, we identify…

General Economics · Economics 2024-04-16 Thiago C. Silva , Paulo V. B. Wilhelm , Diego R. Amancio

International Trade (IT) plays a fundamental role in today's economy: by connecting world countries production and consumption processes, it radically contributes in shaping their economy and development path. Although its evolving…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-02-24 Paolo Sgrignoli

Spatially embedded networks are shaped by a combination of purely topological (space-independent) and space-dependent formation rules. While it is quite easy to artificially generate networks where the relative importance of these two…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-09-10 Franco Ruzzenenti , Francesco Picciolo , Riccardo Basosi , Diego Garlaschelli

This research employs quantitative techniques interpreted through relevant economic theories to analyze a proposed U.S. "Discounted Reciprocal Tariff" structure. Statistical modeling (linear regression) quantifies the policy's consistent…

General Economics · Economics 2025-04-07 Muhammad Sukri Bin Ramli

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are a popular framework to express multivariate probability distributions. Acyclic directed mixed graphs (ADMGs) are generalizations of DAGs that can succinctly capture much richer sets of conditional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2010-09-01 Ricardo Silva , Charles Blundell , Yee Whye Teh

We introduce a novel class of labeled directed acyclic graph (LDAG) models for finite sets of discrete variables. LDAGs generalize earlier proposals for allowing local structures in the conditional probability distribution of a node, such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-12 Johan Pensar , Henrik Nyman , Timo Koski , Jukka Corander

An economic system is an exemplar of a complex system in which all agents interact simultaneously. Interactions between countries have generally been studied using the flow of resources across diverse trade networks, in which the degree of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-09-07 Sungyong Kim , Jinhyuk Yun

We present an empirical analysis of the network formed by the trade relationships between all world countries, or World Trade Web (WTW). Each (directed) link is weighted by the amount of wealth flowing between two countries, and each…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-02-06 D. Garlaschelli , T. Di Matteo , T. Aste , G. Caldarelli , M. I. Loffredo

We define a minimal model of traffic flows in complex networks containing the most relevant features of real routing schemes, i.e. a trade--off strategy between topological-based and traffic-based routing. The resulting collective behavior,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Daniele De Martino , Luca Dall'Asta , Ginestra Bianconi , Matteo Marsili

Most products are produced and sold by supply chain networks, where an interconnected network of producers and intermediaries set prices to maximize their profits. I show that there exists a unique equilibrium in a price-setting game on a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Toomas Hinnosaar

This paper investigates volumetric grid tariff designs under consideration of different pricing mechanisms and resulting cost allocation across socio-techno-economic consumer categories. In a case study of 1.56 million Danish households…

This paper investigates the relationship between grid tariffs and investment in Zero Emission Neighborhoods (ZEN) energy system, and how the grid exchanges are affected. Different grid tariffs (energy based, time of use (ToU), subscribed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-12 Dimitri Pinel , Sigurd Bjarghov , Magnus Korpås

What impact does import competition have on firms' production organizational choices? Existing literature has predominantly focused on the relationship between import competition and firms' global production networks, with less attention…

General Economics · Economics 2024-08-27 Xin Du , Xiaoxia Shi

The increasing integration of world economies, which organize in complex multilayer networks of interactions, is one of the critical factors for the global propagation of economic crises. We adopt the network science approach to quantify…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-01-09 Michele Starnini , Marián Boguñá , M. Ángeles Serrano