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The exponential growth of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) has driven advancements in cross-modal reasoning but at significant computational costs. In this work, we focus on visual language models. We highlight the redundancy and inefficiency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Yasmine Omri , Parth Shroff , Thierry Tambe

The excessive use of visual tokens in existing Multimoal Large Language Models (MLLMs) often exhibits obvious redundancy and brings in prohibitively expensive computation. To gain insights into this problem, we first conduct extensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Qiong Wu , Wenhao Lin , Yiyi Zhou , Weihao Ye , Zhanpeng Zen , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated satisfactory performance across various vision-language tasks. Current approaches for vision and language interaction fall into two categories:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Feipeng Ma , Yizhou Zhou , Zheyu Zhang , Shilin Yan , Hebei Li , Zilong He , Siying Wu , Fengyun Rao , Yueyi Zhang , Xiaoyan Sun

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) encounter significant computational and memory bottlenecks from the massive number of visual tokens generated by high-resolution images or multi-image inputs. Previous token compression techniques…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jiaying Zhu , Yurui Zhu , Xin Lu , Wenrui Yan , Dong Li , Kunlin Liu , Xueyang Fu , Zheng-Jun Zha

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) demand considerable computations for inference due to the extensive parameters and the additional input tokens needed for visual information representation. Herein, we introduce Visual Tokens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Zhihang Lin , Mingbao Lin , Luxi Lin , Rongrong Ji

By treating visual tokens from visual encoders as text tokens, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress across diverse visual understanding tasks, leveraging the robust architectures of Large Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zeliang Zhang , Phu Pham , Wentian Zhao , Kun Wan , Yu-Jhe Li , Jianing Zhou , Daniel Miranda , Ajinkya Kale , Chenliang Xu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have endowed LLMs with the ability to perceive and understand multi-modal signals. However, most of the existing MLLMs mainly adopt vision encoders pretrained on coarsely aligned image-text pairs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Gongwei Chen , Leyang Shen , Rui Shao , Xiang Deng , Liqiang Nie

Multi-modal Large Langue Models (MLLMs) often process thousands of visual tokens, which consume a significant portion of the context window and impose a substantial computational burden. Prior work has empirically explored visual token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Dingchen Yang , Bowen Cao , Anran Zhang , Weibo Gu , Winston Hu , Guang Chen

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) incur high computational costs due to significant redundancy in their visual tokens. To effectively reduce this cost, researchers have proposed various visual token pruning methods. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Wen Luo , Peng Chen , Xiaotao Huang , LiQun Huang

Recent advances demonstrate that scaling Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) effectively improves downstream task performances. However, existing scaling methods enable all model parameters to be active for each token in the calculation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Bin Lin , Zhenyu Tang , Yang Ye , Jinfa Huang , Junwu Zhang , Yatian Pang , Peng Jin , Munan Ning , Jiebo Luo , Li Yuan

While significant advancements have been made in compressed representations for text embeddings in large language models (LLMs), the compression of visual tokens in multi-modal LLMs (MLLMs) has remained a largely overlooked area. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jieneng Chen , Luoxin Ye , Ju He , Zhao-Yang Wang , Daniel Khashabi , Alan Yuille

To effectively reduce the visual tokens in Visual Large Language Models (VLLMs), we propose a novel approach called Window Token Concatenation (WiCo). Specifically, we employ a sliding window to concatenate spatially adjacent visual tokens.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yifan Li , Wentao Bao , Botao Ye , Zhen Tan , Tianlong Chen , Huan Liu , Yu Kong

Despite the impressive advancements of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), existing approaches suffer from a fundamental bottleneck: inefficient visual-language integration. Current methods either disrupt the model's inherent structure or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Tongtian Yue , Longteng Guo , Yepeng Tang , Zijia Zhao , Xinxin Zhu , Hua Huang , Jing Liu

Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (AVSR) achieves robust speech recognition in noisy environments by combining auditory and visual information. However, recent Large Language Model (LLM) based AVSR systems incur high computational costs due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jeong Hun Yeo , Hyeongseop Rha , Se Jin Park , Yong Man Ro

A well-known dilemma in large vision-language models (e.g., GPT-4, LLaVA) is that while increasing the number of vision tokens generally enhances visual understanding, it also significantly raises memory and computational costs, especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Shiwei Wu , Joya Chen , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Qimeng Wang , Yan Gao , Qianli Xu , Tong Xu , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen , Mike Zheng Shou

Large-scale vision-language mixture-of-experts (VL-MoE) models provide strong multimodal capability, but efficient deployment on memory-constrained platforms remains difficult. Existing MoE offloading systems are largely designed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Cheng Xu , Xiaofeng Hou , Jiacheng Liu , Chao Li

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding and generating responses from diverse visual inputs, including high-resolution images and long video sequences. As these models scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junwan Kim , Hyunkyung Bae

Recently, Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable effectiveness for multi-modal tasks due to their abilities to generate and understand cross-modal data. However, processing long sequences of visual tokens extracted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Haicheng Wang , Zhemeng Yu , Gabriele Spadaro , Chen Ju , Victor Quétu , Shuai Xiao , Enzo Tartaglione

The rapid success of Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) often depends on the high-resolution images with abundant visual tokens, which hinders training and deployment efficiency. Current training-free visual token compression methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Jianjian Li , Junquan Fan , Feng Tang , Gang Huang , Shitao Zhu , Songlin Liu , Nian Xie , Wulong Liu , Yong Liao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in source code understanding, yet as software systems grow in scale, computational efficiency has become a critical bottleneck. Currently, these models rely on a text-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yuling Shi , Chaoxiang Xie , Zhensu Sun , Yeheng Chen , Chenxu Zhang , Longfei Yun , Chengcheng Wan , Hongyu Zhang , David Lo , Xiaodong Gu