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Complex environments and tasks pose a difficult problem for holistic end-to-end learning approaches. Decomposition of an environment into interacting controllable and non-controllable objects allows supervised learning for non-controllable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Andrew Melnik , Sascha Fleer , Malte Schilling , Helge Ritter

Automating the navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in diverse scenarios has gained much attention in recent years. However, teaching UAVs to fly in challenging environments remains an unsolved problem, mainly due to the lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-26 Matthias Müller , Vincent Casser , Neil Smith , Dominik L. Michels , Bernard Ghanem

Autonomous racing has seen significant advancements, driven by competitions such as the Indy Autonomous Challenge (IAC) and the Abu Dhabi Autonomous Racing League (A2RL). However, developing an autonomous racing stack for a full-scale car…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Mahmoud Ali , Hassan Jardali , Youwei Yu , Durgakant Pushp , Lantao Liu

Autonomous vehicle (AV) systems rely on robust perception models as a cornerstone of safety assurance. However, objects encountered on the road exhibit a long-tailed distribution, with rare or unseen categories posing challenges to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Mingfu Liang , Jong-Chyi Su , Samuel Schulter , Sparsh Garg , Shiyu Zhao , Ying Wu , Manmohan Chandraker

Already today, driver assistance systems help to make daily traffic more comfortable and safer. However, there are still situations that are quite rare but are hard to handle at the same time. In order to cope with these situations and to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Florian Wirthmüller , Marvin Klimke , Julian Schlechtriemen , Jochen Hipp , Manfred Reichert

Autonomous driving is a multi-task problem requiring a deep understanding of the visual environment. End-to-end autonomous systems have attracted increasing interest as a method of learning to drive without exhaustively programming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Alexander Makrigiorgos , Ali Shafti , Alex Harston , Julien Gerard , A. Aldo Faisal

Self-driving cars and autonomous vehicles are revolutionizing the automotive sector, shaping the future of mobility altogether. Although the integration of novel technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cloud/Edge computing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Sorin Grigorescu , Tiberiu Cocias , Bogdan Trasnea , Andrea Margheri , Federico Lombardi , Leonardo Aniello

Autonomous vehicles are the culmination of advances in many areas such as sensor technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), networking, and more. This paper will introduce the reader to the technologies that build autonomous vehicles. It…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Oussama Saoudi , Ishwar Singh , Hamidreza Mahyar

Although many research vehicle platforms for autonomous driving have been built in the past, hardware design, source code and lessons learned have not been made available for the next generation of demonstrators. This raises the efforts for…

End-to-end driving has made significant progress in recent years, demonstrating benefits such as system simplicity and competitive driving performance under both open-loop and closed-loop settings. Nevertheless, the lack of interpretability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Tianqi Wang , Enze Xie , Ruihang Chu , Zhenguo Li , Ping Luo

Domain reweighting is an emerging research area aimed at adjusting the relative weights of different data sources to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of LLM pre-training. We show that data mixtures that perform well at smaller…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Feiyang Kang , Yifan Sun , Bingbing Wen , Si Chen , Dawn Song , Rafid Mahmood , Ruoxi Jia

In this work, we present a simple end-to-end trainable machine learning system capable of realistically simulating driving experiences. This can be used for the verification of self-driving system performance without relying on expensive…

With recent advances in learning algorithms and hardware development, autonomous cars have shown promise when operating in structured environments under good driving conditions. However, for complex, cluttered and unseen environments with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Junyao Guo , Unmesh Kurup , Mohak Shah

End-to-End paradigms use a unified framework to implement multi-tasks in an autonomous driving system. Despite simplicity and clarity, the performance of end-to-end autonomous driving methods on sub-tasks is still far behind the single-task…

End-to-end (E2E) models in autonomous driving aim to directly map sensor inputs to control commands, but their ability to generalize to novel and complex scenarios remains a key challenge. The common practice of fully fine-tuning the vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Zeyu Dong , Yimin Zhu , Yu Wu , Yu Sun

In scalable machine learning systems, model training is often parallelized over multiple nodes that run without tight synchronization. Most analysis results for the related asynchronous algorithms use an upper bound on the information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Xuyang Wu , Sindri Magnusson , Hamid Reza Feyzmahdavian , Mikael Johansson

Autonomous racing with scaled race cars has gained increasing attention as an effective approach for developing perception, planning and control algorithms for safe autonomous driving at the limits of the vehicle's handling. To train agile…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Xiatao Sun , Mingyan Zhou , Zhijun Zhuang , Shuo Yang , Johannes Betz , Rahul Mangharam

V2X cooperation, through the integration of sensor data from both vehicles and infrastructure, is considered a pivotal approach to advancing autonomous driving technology. Current research primarily focuses on enhancing perception accuracy,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Zhiwei Li , Bozhen Zhang , Lei Yang , Tianyu Shen , Nuo Xu , Ruosen Hao , Weiting Li , Tao Yan , Huaping Liu

Reinforcement learning has been demonstrated to outperform even the best humans in complex domains like video games. However, running reinforcement learning experiments on the required scale for autonomous driving is extremely difficult.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Moritz Harmel , Anubhav Paras , Andreas Pasternak , Nicholas Roy , Gary Linscott

Fueled by motion prediction competitions and benchmarks, recent years have seen the emergence of increasingly large learning based prediction models, many with millions of parameters, focused on improving open-loop prediction accuracy by…