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The assessment of safety performance plays a pivotal role in the development and deployment of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). A common approach involves designing testing scenarios based on prior knowledge of CAVs (e.g., surrogate…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-01 Jingxuan Yang , Ruoxuan Bai , Haoyuan Ji , Yi Zhang , Jianming Hu , Shuo Feng

The development of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) has redefined the way of transportation by eliminating the need for human intervention in driving. This revolution is fueled by rapid advancements in adaptive cruise control (ACC), which make AVs…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Shradha Bavalatti , Yash Kangralkar , Santosh Pattar , Veena P Badiger

A scenario-based testing approach can reduce the time required to obtain statistically significant evidence of the safety of Automated Driving Systems (ADS). Identifying these scenarios in an automated manner is a challenging task. Most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Tobias Hoek , Holger Caesar , Andreas Falkovén , Tommy Johansson

In this study, we propose a novel approach to enrich the training data for automated driving by using a self-designed driving simulator and two human drivers to generate safety-critical corner cases in a short period of time, as already…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Kamil Kowol , Stefan Bracke , Hanno Gottschalk

With Regulation UNECE R157 on Automated Lane-Keeping Systems, the first framework for the introduction of passenger cars with Level 3 systems has become available in 2020. In accordance with recent research projects including academia and…

The objective of the first CARLA autonomous driving challenge was to deploy autonomous driving systems to lead with complex traffic scenarios where all participants faced the same challenging traffic situations. According to the organizers,…

Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) have seen rapid progress in recent years. To ensure the safety and reliability of these systems, extensive testings are being conducted before their future mass deployment. Testing the system on the road is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Ziyuan Zhong , Yun Tang , Yuan Zhou , Vania de Oliveira Neves , Yang Liu , Baishakhi Ray

Current validation methods often rely on recorded data and basic functional checks, which may not be sufficient to encompass the scenarios an autonomous vehicle might encounter. In addition, there is a growing need for complex scenarios…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Marc Kaufeld , Rainer Trauth , Johannes Betz

The development of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) has made significant progress in the last years. An important aspect in the development of AVs is the assessment of their safety. New approaches need to be worked out. Among these, real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Erwin de Gelder , Olaf Op den Camp

Recent research on testing autonomous driving agents has grown significantly, especially in simulation environments. The CARLA simulator is often the preferred choice, and the autonomous agents from the CARLA Leaderboard challenge are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Masoud Jamshidiyan Tehrani , Jinhan Kim , Paolo Tonella

The simulation-based testing is essential for safely implementing autonomous vehicles (AV) on roads, necessitating simulated traffic environments that dynamically interact with the Vehicle Under Test (VUT). This study introduces a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Yiru Liu , Xiaocong Zhao , Jian Sun

When uncertainty is high, self-driving vehicles may halt for safety and benefit from the access to remote human operators who can provide high-level guidance. This paradigm, known as {shared autonomy}, enables autonomous vehicle and remote…

Cooperative decision-making of Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) presents a longstanding challenge due to its inherent nonlinearity, non-convexity, and discrete characteristics, compounded by the diverse road topologies encountered in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Zhenmin Huang , Shaojie Shen , Jun Ma

Modern AI technologies enable autonomous vehicles to perceive complex scenes, predict human behavior, and make real-time driving decisions. However, these data-driven components often operate as black boxes, lacking interpretability and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Oumaima Barhoumi , Mohamed H Zaki , Sofiène Tahar

We present a continuation to our previous work, in which we developed the MR-CKR framework to reason with knowledge overriding across contexts organized in multi-relational hierarchies. Reasoning is realized via ASP with algebraic measures,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Loris Bozzato , Thomas Eiter , Rafael Kiesel , Daria Stepanova

Generating adversarial safety-critical scenarios is a pivotal method for testing autonomous driving systems, as it identifies potential weaknesses and enhances system robustness and reliability. However, existing approaches predominantly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Yukuan Yang , Xucheng Lu , Zhili Zhang , Zepeng Wu , Guoqi Li , Lingzhong Meng , Yunzhi Xue

The generation of corner cases has become increasingly crucial for efficiently testing autonomous vehicles prior to road deployment. However, existing methods struggle to accommodate diverse testing requirements and often lack the ability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Qiujing Lu , Xuanhan Wang , Yiwei Jiang , Guangming Zhao , Mingyue Ma , Shuo Feng

Software systems with large parameter spaces, nondeterminism and high computational cost are challenging to test. Recently, software testing techniques based on causal inference have been successfully applied to systems that exhibit such…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Michael Foster , Robert M. Hierons , Donghwan Shin , Neil Walkinshaw , Christopher Wild

We address the security of a network of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) cooperating to safely navigate through a conflict area (e.g., traffic intersections, merging roadways, roundabouts). Previous studies have shown that such a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 H M Sabbir Ahmad , Ehsan Sabouni , Akua Dickson , Wei Xiao , Christos G. Cassandras , Wenchao Li

Accurate trajectory prediction of vehicles at roundabouts is critical for reducing traffic accidents, yet it remains highly challenging due to their circular road geometry, continuous merging and yielding interactions, and absence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Xiaotong Zhou , Zhenhui Yuan , Yi Han , Tianhua Xu , Laurence T. Yang