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In the rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence (AI), generative large language models (LLMs) stand at the forefront, revolutionizing how we interact with our data. However, the computational intensity and memory consumption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Xupeng Miao , Gabriele Oliaro , Zhihao Zhang , Xinhao Cheng , Hongyi Jin , Tianqi Chen , Zhihao Jia

Machine Learning models are often composed of pipelines of transformations. While this design allows to efficiently execute single model components at training time, prediction serving has different requirements such as low latency, high…

Deploying modern Speech Language Models (SpeechLMs) in streaming settings requires systems that provide low latency, high throughput, and strong guarantees of streamability. Existing systems fall short of supporting diverse models flexibly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Keisuke Kamahori , Wei-Tzu Lee , Atindra Jha , Rohan Kadekodi , Stephanie Wang , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Baris Kasikci

Large Language Model (LLM) inference in production must meet stringent service-level objectives for both time-to-first-token (TTFT) and time-between-token (TBT) while maximizing throughput under fixed compute, memory, and interconnect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Gunjun Lee , Jiwon Kim , Jaiyoung Park , Younjoo Lee , Jung Ho Ahn

Large language models (LLMs) have been driving a new wave of interactive AI applications across numerous domains. However, efficiently serving LLM inference requests is challenging due to their unpredictable execution times originating from…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Haoran Qiu , Weichao Mao , Archit Patke , Shengkun Cui , Saurabh Jha , Chen Wang , Hubertus Franke , Zbigniew T. Kalbarczyk , Tamer Başar , Ravishankar K. Iyer

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 and Llama have shown remarkable capabilities in a variety of software engineering tasks. Despite the advancements, their practical deployment faces challenges, including high financial costs, long…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yueyue Liu , Hongyu Zhang , Yuantian Miao

The serverless computing paradigm offers compelling advantages for deploying Large Language Model (LLM) inference services, including elastic scaling and pay-per-use billing. However, serving multiple fine-tuned LLMs via Low-Rank Adaptation…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yinan Ni , Xiao Yang , Yuqi Tang , Zhimin Qiu , Chen Wang , Tingzhou Yuan

Large language models (LLMs), while driving a new wave of interactive AI applications across numerous domains, suffer from high inference costs and heavy cloud dependency. Motivated by the redundancy phenomenon in linguistics, we propose a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Huiyou Zhan , Xuan Zhang , Haisheng Tan , Han Tian , Dongping Yong , Junyang Zhang , Xiang-Yang Li

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) towards long-context reasoning and sparse architectures has pushed memory requirements far beyond the capacity of individual device HBM. While emerging supernode architectures offer…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Fangxin Liu , Qinghua Zhang , Hanjing Shen , Zhibo Liang , Li Jiang , Haibing Guan , Chong Bao , Xuefeng Jin

Service-level mobile traffic prediction for individual users is essential for network efficiency and quality of service enhancement. However, current prediction methods are limited in their adaptability across different urban environments…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Shiyuan Zhang , Tong Li , Zhu Xiao , Hongyang Du , Kaibin Huang

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has provided unprecedented capabilities for analyzing unstructured text data. However, deploying these models as reliable, robust, and scalable classifiers in production environments presents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Doohee You , Andy Parisi , Zach Vander Velden , Lara Dantas Inojosa

In the realm of AI, large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4, central to the operation of AI agents, predominantly operate in the cloud, incurring high operational costs. With local-based small language models (SLMs) becoming more accurate,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Shiyi Liu , Haiying Shen , Shuai Che , Mahdi Ghandi , Mingqin Li

In the context of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) clouds, the extensive use of Large Language Models (LLMs) often requires efficient management of significant query loads. When providing real-time inference services, several…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Yiyuan He , Minxian Xu , Jingfeng Wu , Wanyi Zheng , Kejiang Ye , Chengzhong Xu

The workload prediction and resource allocation significantly play an inevitable role in production of an efficient cloud environment. The proactive estimation of future workload followed by decision of resource allocation have become a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Deepika Saxena , Ashutosh Kumar Singh

It is significant to apply load-balancing strategy to improve the performance and reliability of resource in data centers. One of the challenging scheduling problems in Cloud data centers is to take the allocation and migration of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-08-27 Minxian Xu , Guangchun Luo , Ling Tian , Aiguo Chen , Yaqiu Jiang , Guozhong Li , Wenhong Tian

Large Language Model (LLM) inference systems present significant challenges in statistical performance characterization due to dynamic workload variations, diverse hardware architectures, and complex interactions between model size, batch…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Kaustabha Ray , Nelson Mimura Gonzalez , Bruno Wassermann , Rachel Tzoref-Brill , Dean H. Lorenz

This paper presents ServerlessLLM, a distributed system designed to support low-latency serverless inference for Large Language Models (LLMs). By harnessing the substantial near-GPU storage and memory capacities of inference servers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Yao Fu , Leyang Xue , Yeqi Huang , Andrei-Octavian Brabete , Dmitrii Ustiugov , Yuvraj Patel , Luo Mai

Large Language Model (LLM) inference on large-scale systems is expected to dominate future cloud infrastructures. Efficient LLM inference in cloud environments with numerous AI accelerators is challenging, necessitating extensive…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Ilias Bournias , Lukas Cavigelli , Georgios Zacharopoulos

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted due to their remarkable performance across various applications, driving the accelerated development of a large number of diverse models. However, these individual LLMs show limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kaushal Kumar Maurya , KV Aditya Srivatsa , Ekaterina Kochmar

LLMs are increasingly used world-wide from daily tasks to agentic systems and data analytics, requiring significant GPU resources. LLM inference systems, however, are slow compared to database systems, and inference performance and…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Kyoungmin Kim , Jiacheng Li , Kijae Hong , Anastasia Ailamaki