English
Related papers

Related papers: Proper scoring rules for estimation and forecast e…

200 papers

Scoring rules are an important tool for evaluating the performance of probabilistic forecasting schemes. In the binary case, scoring rules (which are strictly proper) allow for a decomposition into terms related to the resolution and to the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Jochen Bröcker

We provide methods to validate and compare sensor outputs, or inference algorithms applied to sensor data, by adapting statistical scoring rules. The reported output should either be in the form of a prediction interval or of a parameter…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-07-07 A. D. Martin , T. C. A. Molteno , M. Parry

Scoring rules assess the quality of probabilistic forecasts, by assigning a numerical score based on the predictive distribution and on the event or value that materializes. A scoring rule is proper if it encourages truthful reporting. It…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-01 Werner Ehm , Tilmann Gneiting

Forecasts of multivariate probability distributions are required for a variety of applications. Scoring rules enable the evaluation of forecast accuracy, and comparison between forecasting methods. We propose a theoretical framework for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Xiaochun Meng , James W. Taylor , Souhaib Ben Taieb , Siran Li

A scoring rule is a loss function measuring the quality of a quoted probability distribution $Q$ for a random variable $X$, in the light of the realized outcome $x$ of $X$; it is proper if the expected score, under any distribution $P$ for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-01 A. Philip Dawid , Steffen Lauritzen , Matthew Parry

The classical paradigm of scoring rules is to discriminate between two different forecasts by comparing them with observations. The probability distribution of the observed record is assumed to be perfect as a verification benchmark. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-06 Julie Bessac , Philippe Naveau

The classic concept of "calibrated forecasts" and its more recent refinement, "calibeating," are defined with respect to the standard quadratic scoring rule. We extend these notions to the class of $\textit{proper}$ scoring rules (for which…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-05-28 Dean P. Foster , Sergiu Hart

Predictions and forecasts of machine learning models should take the form of probability distributions, aiming to increase the quantity of information communicated to end users. Although applications of probabilistic prediction and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-19 Hristos Tyralis , Georgia Papacharalampous

We construct a model of expert prediction where predictions can influence the state of the world. Under this model, we show through theoretical and numerical results that proper scoring rules can incentivize experts to manipulate the world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Alan Chan

Proper scoring rules are commonly applied to quantify the accuracy of distribution forecasts. Given an observation they assign a scalar score to each distribution forecast, with the the lowest expected score attributed to the true…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-01 Carol Alexander , Michael Coulon , Yang Han , Xiaochun Meng

Uncertainty representation and quantification are paramount in machine learning and constitute an important prerequisite for safety-critical applications. In this paper, we propose novel measures for the quantification of aleatoric and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Paul Hofman , Yusuf Sale , Eyke Hüllermeier

Scoring rules are an established way of comparing predictive performances across model classes. In the context of survival analysis, they require adaptation in order to accommodate censoring. This work investigates using scoring rules for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Philipp Kopper , David Rügamer , Raphael Sonabend , Bernd Bischl , Andreas Bender

Averages of proper scoring rules are often used to rank probabilistic forecasts. In many cases, the individual terms in these averages are based on observations and forecasts from different distributions. We show that some of the most…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-29 David Bolin , Jonas Wallin

Performative predictions are forecasts which influence the outcomes they aim to predict, undermining the existence of correct forecasts and standard methods of elicitation and estimation. We show that conditioning forecasts on covariates…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Philip Boeken , Onno Zoeter , Joris M. Mooij

Stochastic models of point patterns in space and time are widely used to issue forecasts or assess risk, and often they affect societally relevant decisions. We adapt the concept of consistent scoring functions and proper scoring rules,…

Prior-weighted logistic regression has become a standard tool for calibration in speaker recognition. Logistic regression is the optimization of the expected value of the logarithmic scoring rule. We generalize this via a parametric family…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-07-31 Niko Brümmer , George Doddington

In recent years, probabilistic forecasting is an emerging topic, which is why there is a growing need of suitable methods for the evaluation of multivariate predictions. We analyze the sensitivity of the most common scoring rules,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-17 Florian Ziel , Kevin Berk

Decision trees built with data remain in widespread use for nonparametric prediction. Predicting probability distributions is preferred over point predictions when uncertainty plays a prominent role in analysis and decision-making. We study…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-21 Sara Shashaani , Ozge Surer , Matthew Plumlee , Seth Guikema

Strictly proper scoring rules (SPSR) are incentive compatible for eliciting information about random variables from strategic agents when the principal can reward agents after the realization of the random variables. They also quantify the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Yang Liu , Juntao Wang , Yiling Chen

A scoring system is a simple decision model that checks a set of features, adds a certain number of points to a total score for each feature that is satisfied, and finally makes a decision by comparing the total score to a threshold.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Jonas Hanselle , Stefan Heid , Johannes Fürnkranz , Eyke Hüllermeier