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Surface, image and video data can be considered as functional data with a bivariate domain. To detect outlying surfaces or images, a new method is proposed based on the mean and the variability of the degree of outlyingness at each grid…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-02-01 Mia Hubert , Jakob Raymaekers , Peter J. Rousseeuw , Pieter Segaert

Various technologies, including computer vision models, are employed for the automatic monitoring of manual assembly processes in production. These models detect and classify events such as the presence of components in an assembly area or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Anton Sergeev , Victor Minchenkov , Aleksei Soldatov , Vasiliy Kakurin , Yaroslav Mazikov

The detection of outliers is of critical importance in the assurance of data quality. Outliers may exist in observed data or in data derived from these observed data, such as estimates and forecasts. An outlier may indicate a problem with…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-23 Charles D. Coleman , Thomas Bryan

The classification of multivariate functional data is an important task in scientific research. Unlike point-wise data, functional data are usually classified by their shapes rather than by their scales. We define an outlyingness matrix by…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-04-24 Wenlin Dai , Marc G. Genton

Often the challenge associated with tasks like fraud and spam detection[1] is the lack of all likely patterns needed to train suitable supervised learning models. In order to overcome this limitation, such tasks are attempted as outlier or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-22 Utkarsh Porwal , Smruthi Mukund

Anomaly detection methods are part of the systems where rare events may endanger an operation's profitability, safety, and environmental aspects. Although many state-of-the-art anomaly detection methods were developed to date, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Marek Wadinger , Michal Kvasnica

Image anomaly detection consists in finding images with anomalous, unusual patterns with respect to a set of normal data. Anomaly detection can be applied to several fields and has numerous practical applications, e.g. in industrial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Claudio Piciarelli , Pankaj Mishra , Gian Luca Foresti

This paper proposes methods to detect outliers in functional data sets and the task of identifying atypical curves is carried out using the recently proposed kernelized functional spatial depth (KFSD). KFSD is a local depth that can be used…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-17 Carlo Sguera , Pedro Galeano , Rosa Lillo

Outlier detection refers to the identification of anomalous samples that deviate significantly from the distribution of normal data and has been extensively studied and used in a variety of practical tasks. However, most unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Can Gao , Xiaofeng Tan , Jie Zhou , Weiping Ding , Witold Pedrycz

This paper presents a novel density estimation method for anomaly detection using density matrices (a powerful mathematical formalism from quantum mechanics) and Fourier features. The method can be seen as an efficient approximation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Oscar Bustos-Brinez , Joseph Gallego-Mejia , Fabio A. González

Functional data covers a wide range of data types. They all have in common that the observed objects are functions of of a univariate argument (e.g. time or wavelength) or a multivariate argument (say, a spatial position). These functions…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-13 Peter J. Rousseeuw , Jakob Raymaekers , Mia Hubert

We propose an anomaly detection method for multi-variate scientific data based on analysis of high-order joint moments. Using kurtosis as a reliable measure of outliers, we suggest that principal kurtosis vectors, by analogy to principal…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Konduri Aditya , Hemanth Kolla , W. Philip Kegelmeyer , Timothy M. Shead , Julia Ling , Warren L. Davis

This paper proposes an approach for anomalous sound detection that incorporates outlier exposure and inlier modeling within a unified framework by multitask learning. While outlier exposure-based methods can extract features efficiently, it…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Yucong Zhang , Hongbin Suo , Yulong Wan , Ming Li

We present a novel method for image anomaly detection, where algorithms that use samples drawn from some distribution of "normal" data, aim to detect out-of-distribution (abnormal) samples. Our approach includes a combination of encoder and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-02 Nina Tuluptceva , Bart Bakker , Irina Fedulova , Anton Konushin

Out-of-distribution detection (OOD) deals with anomalous input to neural networks. In the past, specialized methods have been proposed to reject predictions on anomalous input. Similarly, it was shown that feature extraction models in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Jan Diers , Christian Pigorsch

Circle fitting methods are extensively utilized in various industries, particularly in quality control processes and design applications. The effectiveness of these algorithms can be significantly compromised when the point sets to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Ahmet Gökhan Poyraz

Detecting anomalous edges in dynamic graphs is an important task in many applications over evolving triple-based data, such as social networks, transaction management, and epidemiology. A major challenge with this task is the absence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Chang Zong , Yueting Zhuang , Jian Shao , Weiming Lu

As data continues to grow in volume and complexity across domains such as finance, manufacturing, and healthcare, effective anomaly detection is essential for identifying irregular patterns that may signal critical issues. Recently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jing Ren , Tao Tang , Hong Jia , Ziqi Xu , Haytham Fayek , Xiaodong Li , Suyu Ma , Xiwei Xu , Feng Xia

Anomalies are strange data points; they usually represent an unusual occurrence. Anomaly detection is presented from the perspective of Wireless sensor networks. Different approaches have been taken in the past, as we will see, not only to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Pelumi Oluwasanya

Detecting anomalies in data is a vital task, with numerous high-impact applications in areas such as security, finance, health care, and law enforcement. While numerous techniques have been developed in past years for spotting outliers and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Leman Akoglu , Hanghang Tong , Danai Koutra