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We address the problem of fine-tuning pre-trained generative policies with reinforcement learning (RL) while preserving the multimodality of their action distributions. Existing methods for RL fine-tuning of generative policies (e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Alberta Longhini , David Emukpere , Jean-Michel Renders , Seungsu Kim

Recent research has turned to Reinforcement Learning (RL) to solve challenging decision problems, as an alternative to hand-tuned heuristics. RL can learn good policies without the need for modeling the environment's dynamics. Despite this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Pouya Hamadanian , Malte Schwarzkopf , Siddartha Sen , Mohammad Alizadeh

Recently, Vision-Language-Action models (VLA) have advanced robot imitation learning, but high data collection costs and limited demonstrations hinder generalization and current imitation learning methods struggle in out-of-distribution…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Shichao Fan , Quantao Yang , Yajie Liu , Kun Wu , Zhengping Che , Qingjie Liu , Min Wan

Diffusion-based models are recognized for their effectiveness in using real-world driving data to generate realistic and diverse traffic scenarios. These models employ guided sampling to incorporate specific traffic preferences and enhance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Seungjun Yu , Kisung Kim , Daejung Kim , Haewook Han , Jinhan Lee

We propose DemoDiffusion, a simple method for enabling robots to perform manipulation tasks by imitating a single human demonstration, without requiring task-specific training or paired human-robot data. Our approach is based on two…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sungjae Park , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Shubham Tulsiani

Diffusion models exhibit impressive scalability in robotic task learning, yet they struggle to adapt to novel, highly dynamic environments. This limitation primarily stems from their constrained replanning ability: they either operate at a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Xi Ye , Rui Heng Yang , Jun Jin , Yinchuan Li , Amir Rasouli

Diffusion models excel at creating images and videos thanks to their multimodal generative capabilities. These same capabilities have made diffusion models increasingly popular in robotics research, where they are used for generating robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Jean-Baptiste Bouvier , Kanghyun Ryu , Kartik Nagpal , Qiayuan Liao , Koushil Sreenath , Negar Mehr

We address the problem of fine-tuning diffusion models for reward-guided generation in biomolecular design. While diffusion models have proven highly effective in modeling complex, high-dimensional data distributions, real-world…

In a convergence of machine learning and biology, we reveal that diffusion models are evolutionary algorithms. By considering evolution as a denoising process and reversed evolution as diffusion, we mathematically demonstrate that diffusion…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yanbo Zhang , Benedikt Hartl , Hananel Hazan , Michael Levin

A policy in deep reinforcement learning (RL), either deterministic or stochastic, is commonly parameterized as a Gaussian distribution alone, limiting the learned behavior to be unimodal. However, the nature of many practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 SM Mazharul Islam , Manfred Huber

Diffusion models, a powerful and universal generative AI technology, have achieved tremendous success in computer vision, audio, reinforcement learning, and computational biology. In these applications, diffusion models provide flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Minshuo Chen , Song Mei , Jianqing Fan , Mengdi Wang

The exploration of high-speed movement by robots or road traffic agents is crucial for autonomous driving and navigation. Trajectory prediction at high speeds requires considering historical features and interactions with surrounding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Yao Liu , Ruoyu Wang , Yuanjiang Cao , Quan Z. Sheng , Lina Yao

We present a method that reduces, by an order of magnitude, the time and memory needed to train multi-task vision-language robotic diffusion policies. This improvement arises from a previously underexplored distinction between action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Yutong Hu , Pinhao Song , Kehan Wen , Renaud Detry

Continuous control of non-stationary environments is a major challenge for deep reinforcement learning algorithms. The time-dependency of the state transition dynamics aggravates the notorious stability problems of model-free deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Abdullah Akgül , Gulcin Baykal , Manuel Haußmann , Melih Kandemir

Sequential decision-making is desired to align with human intents and exhibit versatility across various tasks. Previous methods formulate it as a conditional generation process, utilizing return-conditioned diffusion models to directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Xudong Yu , Chenjia Bai , Haoran He , Changhong Wang , Xuelong Li

Generative models, particularly diffusion models, have achieved remarkable success in density estimation for multimodal data, drawing significant interest from the reinforcement learning (RL) community, especially in policy modeling in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jinouwen Zhang , Rongkun Xue , Yazhe Niu , Yun Chen , Jing Yang , Hongsheng Li , Yu Liu

Neural diffusion processes provide a scalable, non-Gaussian approach to modelling distributions over functions, but existing formulations are limited to single-task inference and do not capture dependencies across related tasks. In many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Joseph Rawson , Domniki Ladopoulou , Petros Dellaportas

Generative policies based on diffusion models and flow matching have shown strong promise for offline reinforcement learning (RL), but their applicability remains largely confined to continuous action spaces. To address a broader range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Fairoz Nower Khan , Nabuat Zaman Nahim , Ruiquan Huang , Haibo Yang , Peizhong Ju

Nonprehensile manipulation, such as pushing objects across cluttered environments, presents a challenging control problem due to complex contact dynamics and long-horizon planning requirements. In this work, we propose HeRD, a hierarchical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Steven Caro , Stephen L. Smith

Model-based reinforcement learning methods often use learning only for the purpose of estimating an approximate dynamics model, offloading the rest of the decision-making work to classical trajectory optimizers. While conceptually simple,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Michael Janner , Yilun Du , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Sergey Levine