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Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are distinguished from Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for their complex neuronal dynamics and sparse binary activations (spikes) inspired by the biological neural system. Traditional neuron models use…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Peng Xue , Wei Fang , Zhengyu Ma , Zihan Huang , Zhaokun Zhou , Yonghong Tian , Timothée Masquelier , Huihui Zhou

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are bio-inspired networks that process information conveyed as temporal spikes rather than numeric values. A spiking neuron of an SNN only produces a spike whenever a significant number of spikes occur within…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Mathias Gehrig , Sumit Bam Shrestha , Daniel Mouritzen , Davide Scaramuzza

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have captured apparent interest over the recent years, stemming from neuroscience and reaching the field of artificial intelligence. However, due to their nature SNNs remain far behind in achieving the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-22 Katerina Maria Oikonomou , Vasiliki Balaska , Konstantinos A. Tsintotas , Christos N. Mavridis , Ioannis Kansizoglou , Antonios Gasteratos

Continuous learning of novel classes is crucial for edge devices to preserve data privacy and maintain reliable performance in dynamic environments. However, the scenario becomes particularly challenging when data samples are insufficient,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Huijing Zhang , Muyang Cao , Linshan Jiang , Xin Du , Di Yu , Changze Lv , Shuiguang Deng

In recent years, deep learning has been a revolution in the field of machine learning, for computer vision in particular. In this approach, a deep (multilayer) artificial neural network (ANN) is trained in a supervised manner using…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Amirhossein Tavanaei , Masoud Ghodrati , Saeed Reza Kheradpisheh , Timothee Masquelier , Anthony S. Maida

Emerged as a biology-inspired method, Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) mimic the spiking nature of brain neurons and have received lots of research attention. SNNs deal with binary spikes as their activation and therefore derive extreme…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Yufei Guo , Weihang Peng , Yuanpei Chen , Liwen Zhang , Xiaode Liu , Xuhui Huang , Zhe Ma

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer a biologically grounded and energy-efficient alternative to conventional neural architectures; however, they struggle with long-range temporal dependencies due to fixed synaptic and membrane time…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Sarim Chaudhry

The plasticity of the conduction delay between neurons plays a fundamental role in learning. However, the exact underlying mechanisms in the brain for this modulation is still an open problem. Understanding the precise adjustment of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Alireza Nadafian , Mohammad Ganjtabesh

This study proposes a novel learning paradigm for spiking neural networks (SNNs) that replaces the perceptron-inspired abstraction with biologically grounded neuron models, jointly optimizing synaptic weights and intrinsic neuronal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zofia Rudnicka , Janusz Szczepanski , Agnieszka Pregowska

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are biologically plausible models that have been identified as potentially apt for deploying energy-efficient intelligence at the edge, particularly for sequential learning tasks. However, training of SNNs…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Marco Paul E. Apolinario , Kaushik Roy

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), which mimic biological neural system to convey information via discrete spikes, are well known as brain-inspired models with excellent computing efficiency. By utilizing the surrogate gradient estimation for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Zekai Xu , Kang You , Qinghai Guo , Xiang Wang , Zhezhi He

Spiking neural networks are nature's versatile solution to fault-tolerant and energy efficient signal processing. To translate these benefits into hardware, a growing number of neuromorphic spiking neural network processors attempt to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Emre O. Neftci , Hesham Mostafa , Friedemann Zenke

The increasing rise in machine learning and deep learning applications is requiring ever more computational resources to successfully meet the growing demands of an always-connected, automated world. Neuromorphic technologies based on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Philippe Reiter , Geet Rose Jose , Spyridon Bizmpikis , Ionela-Ancuţa Cîrjilă

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), transform neural signals in the brain into in-structions to control external devices. However, obtaining sufficient training data is difficult as well as limited. With the advent of advanced machine…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-02 Shengjie Zheng , Wenyi Li , Lang Qian , Chenggang He , Xiaojian Li

Motivated by the celebrated discrete-time model of nervous activity outlined by McCulloch and Pitts in 1943, we propose a novel continuous-time model, the McCulloch-Pitts network (MPN), for sequence learning in spiking neural networks. Our…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-01-28 Zuozhu Liu , Thiparat Chotibut , Christopher Hillar , Shaowei Lin

Recurrent spiking neural networks (RSNN) in the human brain learn to perform a wide range of perceptual, cognitive and motor tasks very efficiently in terms of energy consumption and requires very few examples. This motivates the search for…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-03-22 Paolo Muratore , Cristiano Capone , Pier Stanislao Paolucci

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN). SNNs are based on a more biologically inspired approach than usual artificial neural networks. Such models are characterized by complex dynamics between neurons and spikes. These are very sensitive to the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Thomas Firmin , Pierre Boulet , El-Ghazali Talbi

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are investigated as biologically inspired models of neural computation, distinguished by their computational capability and energy efficiency due to precise spiking times and sparse spikes with event-driven…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Mingqing Xiao , Yixin Zhu , Di He , Zhouchen Lin

A fundamental feature of learning in animals is the "ability to forget" that allows an organism to perceive, model and make decisions from disparate streams of information and adapt to changing environments. Against this backdrop, we…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Priyadarshini Panda , Jason M. Allred , Shriram Ramanathan , Kaushik Roy

As neural interfaces become more advanced, there has been an increase in the volume and complexity of neural data recordings. These interfaces capture rich information about neural dynamics that call for efficient, real-time processing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Sai Deepesh Pokala , Marie Bernert , Takuya Nanami , Takashi Kohno , Timothée Lévi , Blaise Yvert