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X-ray Bragg coherent diffraction imaging has been demonstrated as a powerful three-dimensional (3D) microscopy approach for the investigation of sub-micrometer-scale crystalline particles. It is based on the measurement of a series of…
We propose and demonstrate a new phase retrieval method for imaging through random media. Although methods to recover the Fourier amplitude through random distortions are well established, recovery of the Fourier phase has been a more…
The low-density imaging performance of a zone plate based nano-resolution hard X-ray computed tomography (CT) system can be significantly improved by incorporating a grating-based Lau interferometer. Due to the diffraction, however, the…
This paper develops a novel framework for phase retrieval, a problem which arises in X-ray crystallography, diffraction imaging, astronomical imaging and many other applications. Our approach combines multiple structured illuminations…
Wavefront sensing involves estimating the phase and intensity of light, enabling a wide range of imaging applications, from adaptive optics and astronomy to biomedical imaging. Since conventional image sensors can only measure the spatial…
Interferometry techniques are essential for extracting phase information from optical systems, enabling precise measurements of dispersion and highly sensitive detection of perturbations. While phase sensing offers enhanced sensitivity…
Large-area gratings play a crucial role in various engineering fields. However, traditional interference lithography is limited by the size of optical component apertures, making large-area fabrication a challenging task. Here, a method for…
The realm of classical phase retrieval concerns itself with the arduous task of recovering a signal from its Fourier magnitude measurements, which are fraught with inherent ambiguities. A single-exposure intensity measurement is commonly…
X-ray speckles have been used for a wide variety of experiments, ranging from imaging (and tomography), wavefront sensing, spatial coherence measurements all the way to x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) and ptychography. In the…
New lensless diffractive X-ray technic for micro-scale imaging of biological tissue is based on quantitative phase retrieval schemes. By incorporating refraction, this method yields improved contrast compared to purely absorption-based…
Phase imaging techniques extract the optical path-length information of a scene, whereas wavefront sensors provide the shape of an optical wavefront. Since these two applications have different technical requirements, they have developed…
The characterization of nanostructured surfaces with sensitivity in the sub-nm range is of high importance for the development of current and next generation integrated electronic circuits. Modern transistor architectures for e.g. FinFETs…
For a HOM interferometer with two independent incident pulses, the interference pattern can be affected by adding a dispersion medium on one of the incident directions, but there hasn't been a method to reconstruct the phase constant of the…
Phase unwrapping remains a critical and challenging problem in InSAR processing, particularly in scenarios involving complex deformation patterns. In earthquake-related deformation, shallow sources can generate surface-breaking faults and…
Due to the energy-dependent nature of the attenuation coefficient and the polychromaticity of the X-ray source, beam hardening effect occurs when X-ray photons penetrate through an object, causing a nonlinear projection data. When a linear…
Non-destructive characterization of multi-layered structures that can be accessed from only a single side is important for applications such as well-bore integrity inspection. Existing methods related to Synthetic Aperture Focusing…
Future NASA X-ray spectroscopy missions will require high throughput, high resolution grating spectrometers. Off-plane reflection gratings are capable of meeting the performance requirements needed to realize the scientific goals of these…
The invention of X-ray interferometers has led to advanced phase-sensing devices that are invaluable in various applications. These include the precise measurement of universal constants, e.g. the Avogadro number, of lattice parameters of…
Neutron grating interferometry provides information on phase and small-angle scatter in addition to attenuation. Previously, phase grating moir\'e interferometers (PGMI) with two- or three-phase gratings have been developed. These…
We demonstrate a novel technique for coupling XUV harmonic radiation out of a femtosecond enhancement cavity. We use a small-period diffraction grating etched directly into the surface of a dielectric mirror. For the fundamental light, this…