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Software vulnerabilities have a large negative impact on the software systems that we depend on daily. Reports on software vulnerabilities always paint a grim picture, with some reports showing that 83% of organizations depend on vulnerable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Mahmoud Alfadel , Diego Elias Costa , Mouafak Mokhallalati , Emad Shihab , Bram Adams

Background: Modern software uses many third-party libraries and frameworks as dependencies. Known vulnerabilities in these dependencies are a potential security risk. Software composition analysis (SCA) tools, therefore, are being…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Nasif Imtiaz , Seaver Thorne , Laurie Williams

Software packages developed and distributed through package managers extensively depend on other packages. These dependencies are regularly updated, for example to add new features, resolve bugs or fix security issues. In order to take full…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Alexandre Decan , Tom Mens , Eleni Constantinou

The increasing interest in open source software has led to the emergence of large language-specific package distributions of reusable software libraries, such as npm and RubyGems. These software packages can be subject to vulnerabilities…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Ahmed Zerouali , Tom Mens , Alexandre Decan , Coen De Roover

The degree of dependencies among the modules of a software system is a key attribute to characterize its design structure and its ability to evolve over time. Several design problems are often correlated with undesired dependencies among…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-10-29 J. Andrés Díaz-Pace , Antonela Tommasel , Daniela Godoy

Throughout computer history, it has been repeatedly demonstrated that critical software vulnerabilities can significantly affect the components involved. In the Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) ecosystem, most software is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Stefan Tatschner , Michael P. Heinl , Nicole Pappler , Tobias Specht , Sven Plaga , Thomas Newe

Third-party dependency updates can cause a build to fail if the new dependency version introduces a change that is incompatible with the usage: this is called a breaking dependency update. Research on breaking dependency updates is active,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Frank Reyes , Yogya Gamage , Gabriel Skoglund , Benoit Baudry , Martin Monperrus

The modern software development landscape heavily relies on transitive dependencies. They enable seamless integration of third-party libraries. However, they also introduce security challenges. Transitive vulnerabilities that arise from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Piotr Przymus , Mikołaj Fejzer , Jakub Narębski , Krzysztof Rykaczewski , Krzysztof Stencel

Developers rely on open-source packages and must review dependencies to safeguard against vulnerable or malicious upstream code. A careful review of all dependencies changes often does not occur in practice. Therefore, developers need…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Sivana Hamer , Nasif Imtiaz , Mahzabin Tamanna , Preya Shabrina , Laurie Williams

One of the biggest strength of many modern programming languages is their rich open source package ecosystem. Indeed, modern language-specific package managers have made it much easier to share reusable code and depend on components written…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Théo Zimmermann

Providing high quality software and evaluating the software reliability in softwarized networks are crucial for vendors and customers. These networks rely on open source code, which are sensitive to contain high number of bugs. Both, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Hasan Yagiz Ozkan , Madeleine Kaufmann , Wolfgang Kellerer , Carmen Mas-Machuca

Web developers routinely rely on third-party Java-Script libraries such as jQuery to enhance the functionality of their sites. However, if not properly maintained, such dependencies can create attack vectors allowing a site to be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Tobias Lauinger , Abdelberi Chaabane , Sajjad Arshad , William Robertson , Christo Wilson , Engin Kirda

Maven Central is a large popular repository of Java components that has evolved over the last 20 years. The distribution of dependencies indicates that the repository is dominated by a relatively small number of components other components…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Nkiru Ede , Jens Dietrich , Ulrich Zülicke

While open-source software has enabled significant levels of reuse to speed up software development, it has also given rise to the dreadful dependency hell that all software practitioners face on a regular basis. This article provides a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Tom Mens , Alexandre Decan

Recent high-profile incidents in open-source software have greatly raised practitioner attention on software supply chain attacks. To guard against potential malicious package updates, security practitioners advocate pinning dependency to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Hao He , Bogdan Vasilescu , Christian Kästner

Popular adoption of third-party libraries for contemporary software development has led to the creation of large inter-dependency networks, where sustainability issues of a single library can have widespread network effects. Maintainers of…

Dependencies between modules can trigger ripple effects when changes are made, making maintenance complex and costly, so minimizing these dependencies is crucial. Consequently, understanding what drives dependencies is important. One…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Zushuai Zhang , Elliott Wen , Ewan Tempero

Modern software projects depend on third-party dependencies, whose declarations must be maintained as projects evolve. Prior work has focused on dependency version updates, while much less is known about how developers assign dependencies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yuxin Liu , Cristian Bogdan , Benoit Baudry

As modern software extensively uses free open source packages as dependencies, developers have to regularly pull in new third-party code through frequent updates. However, without a proper review of every incoming change, vulnerable and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Nasif Imtiaz , Laurie Williams

Modern software systems heavily rely on third-party dependencies, making software supply chain security a critical concern. We introduce the concept of software supply chain smells as structural indicators that signal potential security…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Larissa Schmid , Diogo Gaspar , Raphina Liu , Sofia Bobadilla , Benoit Baudry , Martin Monperrus