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Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly used to automate complex workflows, but integrating untrusted external data with privileged execution exposes them to severe security risks, particularly direct and indirect prompt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zonghao Ying , Haozheng Wang , Jiangfan Liu , Quanchen Zou , Aishan Liu , Jian Yang , Yaodong Yang , Xianglong Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled agents to move beyond conversation toward end-to-end task execution and become more helpful. However, this helpfulness introduces new security risks stem less from direct interface abuse than from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Fengchao Chen , Tingmin Wu , Van Nguyen , Carsten Rudolph

Agentic security systems increasingly combine LLM planners with tools that can discover, validate, and report vulnerabilities. This creates an asymmetric control problem: the system should retain strong offensive capability inside an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Isaac David , Marco Guarnieri , Arthur Gervais

While large language model-based agents demonstrate great potential in collaborative tasks, their interactivity also introduces security vulnerabilities. In this paper, we propose and model group collusive attacks, a highly destructive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yiling Tao , Xinran Zheng , Shuo Yang , Meiling Tao , Xingjun Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements across various tasks, but their safety alignment remain a major concern. Exploring jailbreak prompts can expose LLMs' vulnerabilities and guide efforts to secure them. Existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xiaoning Dong , Wenbo Hu , Wei Xu , Tianxing He

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have demonstrated strong reasoning and decision-making capabilities that consistently surpass those of single LLM agents. However, their performance often suffers from naive aggregation mechanisms that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Longgang He , Longzhu He , Daojing He , Chaozhuo Li

We consider the problem of safe control in discrete autonomous agents that use learned components for imperfect perception (or more generally, state estimation) from high-dimensional observations. We propose a shield construction that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 William Scarbro , Calum Imrie , Sinem Getir Yaman , Kavan Fatehi , Corina S. Pasareanu , Radu Calinescu , Ravi Mangal

The rapid development of AI agent systems is leading to an emerging Internet of Agents, where specialized agents operate across local devices, edge nodes, private services, and cloud platforms. Although recent efforts have improved agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yujun Cheng , Enfang Cui , Hao Qin , Zhiyuan Liang , Qi Xu

Recent research builds various patching agents that combine large language models (LLMs) with non-ML tools and achieve promising results on the state-of-the-art (SOTA) software patching benchmark, SWE-bench. Based on how to determine the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Hongwei Li , Yuheng Tang , Shiqi Wang , Wenbo Guo

Embodied agents powered by large language models (LLMs) inherit advanced planning capabilities; however, their direct interaction with the physical world exposes them to safety vulnerabilities. In this work, we identify four key reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ruolin Chen , Yinqian Sun , Jihang Wang , Mingyang Lv , Qian Zhang , Yi Zeng

Smart contracts are the backbone of the decentralized web, yet ensuring their functional correctness and security remains a critical challenge. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in code generation, they often struggle…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Wei Chen , Zhiyuan Peng , Xin Yin , Chao Ni , Chenhao Ying , Bang Xie , Yuan Luo

Maintaining the safety of large language models (LLMs) is crucial as they are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. Existing safety guardrails typically rely on single-pass classification or, more recently, distilled reasoning.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Siddharth Sai , Xiaofei Wen , Muhao Chen

Agents centered around Large Language Models (LLMs) are now capable of automating mobile device operations for users. After fine-tuning to learn a user's mobile operations, these agents can adhere to high-level user instructions online.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Tinghe Ding

Real-world visualization tasks involve complex, multi-modal requirements that extend beyond simple text-to-chart generation, requiring reference images, code examples, and iterative refinement. Current systems exhibit fundamental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jinwei Lu , Yuanfeng Song , Chen Zhang , Raymond Chi-Wing Wong

Agentic reinforcement learning (RL) holds great promise for the development of autonomous agents under complex GUI tasks, but its scalability remains severely hampered by the verification of task completion. Existing task verification is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Shaofei Cai , Yulei Qin , Haojia Lin , Zihan Xu , Gang Li , Yuchen Shi , Zongyi Li , Yong Mao , Siqi Cai , Xiaoyu Tan , Yitao Liang , Ke Li , Xing Sun

AI agents interact with external environments through tool calls, exposing them to attacks like indirect prompt injection that can trigger unauthorized actions. Securing these agents is challenging: they behave autonomously and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Tianneng Shi , Jingxuan He , Zhun Wang , Hongwei Li , Linyu Wu , Wenbo Guo , Dawn Song

Automating scientific computing workflows requires more than generating executable code: autonomous systems must also select appropriate computational strategies, implement them faithfully, and ensure that the resulting outcomes remain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Geremy Loachamín-Suntaxi , Robert Lazar , Dimitrios G. Giovanis , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis , Eleni D. Koronaki

Autonomous systems that rely on learned perception can make unsafe decisions when sensor readings are misclassified. We study shielding for this setting: given a proposed action, a shield blocks actions that could violate safety. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 William Scarbro , Ravi Mangal

Industry practitioners and academic researchers regularly use multi-agent systems to accelerate their work, but the applications through which users operate these systems do not provide a simple, unified mechanism for scalably managing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Christopher J. Agostino , Nayan D'Souza

As LLM-based agents become increasingly prevalent, backdoors can be implanted into agents through user queries or environment feedback, raising critical concerns regarding safety vulnerabilities. However, backdoor attacks are typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Pengyu Zhu , Zhenhong Zhou , Yuanhe Zhang , Shilinlu Yan , Kun Wang , Sen Su
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