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Masked Autoencoders (MAEs) achieve impressive performance in image classification tasks, yet the internal representations they learn remain less understood. This work started as an attempt to understand the strong downstream classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Anika Shrivastava , Renu Rameshan , Samar Agnihotri

Large language models (LLMs) with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning have achieved strong performance across diverse tasks, including mathematics, coding, and general reasoning. A distinctive ability of these reasoning models is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Ge Yan , Chung-En Sun , Tsui-Wei , Weng

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a variety of real-world tasks. However, existing VLMs typically process visual information by serializing images, a method that diverges significantly from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yueyan Li , Chenggong Zhao , Zeyuan Zang , Caixia Yuan , Xiaojie Wang

While large language models (LLMs) are proficient at question-answering (QA), it is not always clear how (or even if) an answer follows from their latent "beliefs". This lack of interpretability is a growing impediment to widespread use of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Nora Kassner , Oyvind Tafjord , Ashish Sabharwal , Kyle Richardson , Hinrich Schuetze , Peter Clark

Transforming a large language model (LLM) into a Vision-Language Model (VLM) can be achieved by mapping the visual tokens from a vision encoder into the embedding space of an LLM. Intriguingly, this mapping can be as simple as a shallow MLP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Benno Krojer , Shravan Nayak , Oscar Mañas , Vaibhav Adlakha , Desmond Elliott , Siva Reddy , Marius Mosbach

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly reshaped the trajectory of the AI revolution. Nevertheless, these LLMs exhibit a notable limitation, as they are primarily adept at processing textual information. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Akash Ghosh , Arkadeep Acharya , Sriparna Saha , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

The extraordinary success of recent Large Language Models (LLMs) on a diverse array of tasks has led to an explosion of scientific and philosophical theorizing aimed at explaining how they do what they do. Unfortunately, disagreement over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Cameron Yetman

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at reasoning on text and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are highly effective for visual perception, applying those models for visual instruction-based planning remains a widely open problem. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Mohamed Salim Aissi , Clemence Grislain , Mohamed Chetouani , Olivier Sigaud , Laure Soulier , Nicolas Thome

Pre-trained visual language models (VLM) have shown excellent performance in image caption tasks. However, it sometimes shows insufficient reasoning ability. In contrast, large language models (LLMs) emerge with powerful reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yueting Yang , Xintong Zhang , Wenjuan Han

Large language models (LLMs) have gained increasing popularity in robotic task planning due to their exceptional abilities in text analytics and generation, as well as their broad knowledge of the world. However, they fall short in decoding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Aoran Mei , Guo-Niu Zhu , Huaxiang Zhang , Zhongxue Gan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at visual understanding but often suffer from visual hallucinations, where they generate descriptions of nonexistent objects, actions, or concepts, posing significant risks in safety-critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Tsung-Han Wu , Heekyung Lee , Jiaxin Ge , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Trevor Darrell , David M. Chan

Enabling robots to execute long-horizon manipulation tasks from free-form language instructions remains a fundamental challenge in embodied AI. While vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise as high-level planners, their deployment…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zitong Bo , Yue Hu , Jinming Ma , Mingliang Zhou , Junhui Yin , Yachen Kang , Yuqi Liu , Tong Wu , Diyun Xiang , Hao Chen

Visual hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs), where the model generates responses that are inconsistent with the visual input, pose a significant challenge to their reliability, particularly in contexts where precise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Nokimul Hasan Arif , Shadman Rabby , Md Hefzul Hossain Papon , Sabbir Ahmed

How do large language models (LLMs) obtain their answers? The ability to explain and control an LLM's reasoning process is key for reliability, transparency, and future model developments. We propose SelfIE (Self-Interpretation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Haozhe Chen , Carl Vondrick , Chengzhi Mao

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at vision-language tasks, the cost of their language-driven training on internal visual foundational competence remains unclear. In this paper, we conduct a detailed diagnostic analysis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Enguang Wang , Qiang Wang , Yuanchen Wu , Ke Yan , Xinbin Yuan , Shouhong Ding , Xialei Liu , Ming-Ming Cheng

Code reproduction is a cornerstone of scientific validity, yet it remains a formidable challenge in computer networking research due to the scarcity of open-source implementations and the complexity of heterogeneous system architectures.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yining Jiang , Yunxin Xu , Wenyun Xu , Yufan Zhu , Tangtang He , Haiying Huang , Letian Zhu , Qingyu Song , Qiang Su , Lizhao You , Lu Tang , Wanjin Feng , Yuchao Zhang , Linghe Kong , Qiao Xiang , Jiwu Shu

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit a gap between their internal knowledge and their explicit linguistic outputs. In this report, we empirically investigate whether Looped Transformers (LTs)--architectures that increase computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Guanxu Chen , Dongrui Liu , Jing Shao

Recently introduced self-supervised methods for image representation learning provide on par or superior results to their fully supervised competitors, yet the corresponding efforts to explain the self-supervised approaches lag behind.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Witold Oleszkiewicz , Dominika Basaj , Igor Sieradzki , Michał Górszczak , Barbara Rychalska , Koryna Lewandowska , Tomasz Trzciński , Bartosz Zieliński

Vision-language models (VLMs) frequently generate hallucinated content plausible but incorrect claims about image content. We propose a training-free self-correction framework enabling VLMs to iteratively refine responses through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Kassoum Sanogo , Renzo Ardiccioni

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) frequently "hallucinate" - generate plausible yet factually incorrect statements - posing a critical barrier to their trustworthy deployment. In this work, we propose a new paradigm for diagnosing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Lexiang Xiong , Qi Li , Jingwen Ye , Xinchao Wang