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Lately, researchers in artificial intelligence have been really interested in how language and vision come together, giving rise to the development of multimodal models that aim to seamlessly integrate textual and visual information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Rajat Chawla , Arkajit Datta , Tushar Verma , Adarsh Jha , Anmol Gautam , Ayush Vatsal , Sukrit Chaterjee , Mukunda NS , Ishaan Bhola

Generative large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities, which can be further augmented by integrating a pre-trained vision model into the original LLM to create a multimodal LLM (MLLM). However, this integration often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Shikhar Srivastava , Md Yousuf Harun , Robik Shrestha , Christopher Kanan

Connecting text and visual modalities plays an essential role in generative intelligence. For this reason, inspired by the success of large language models, significant research efforts are being devoted to the development of Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Davide Caffagni , Federico Cocchi , Luca Barsellotti , Nicholas Moratelli , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) extend large language models with visual understanding, but remain vulnerable to hallucination, where outputs are fluent yet inconsistent with images. Recent studies link this issue to language bias-the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yangneng Chen , Jing Li

Recent advances in multimodal training have significantly improved the integration of image understanding and generation within a unified model. This study investigates how vision-language models (VLMs) handle image-understanding tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Alessandro Pietro Serra , Francesco Ortu , Emanuele Panizon , Lucrezia Valeriani , Lorenzo Basile , Alessio Ansuini , Diego Doimo , Alberto Cazzaniga

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved substantial progress across a wide range of understanding and reasoning tasks, driven by large-scale image-text training aimed at multimodal fusion. Ideally, replacing a textual question with its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Feng Han , Zhixiong Zhang , Zheming Liang , Yibin Wang , Jiaqi Wang

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown powerful capabilities in visual question answering and reasoning tasks by combining visual representations with the abstract skill set large language models (LLMs) learn during pretraining. Vision,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Riley Tavassoli , Mani Amani , Reza Akhavian

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at vision-language tasks, the cost of their language-driven training on internal visual foundational competence remains unclear. In this paper, we conduct a detailed diagnostic analysis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Enguang Wang , Qiang Wang , Yuanchen Wu , Ke Yan , Xinbin Yuan , Shouhong Ding , Xialei Liu , Ming-Ming Cheng

Vision Language Models (VLMs) achieved rapid progress in the recent years. However, despite their growth, VLMs development is heavily grounded on English, leading to two main limitations: (i) the lack of multilingual and multimodal datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Daniela Baiamonte , Elena Fano , Matteo Gabburo , Stefano Simonazzi , Leonardo Rigutini , Andrea Zugarini

Vision-language models (VLMs) allow to embed texts and images in a shared representation space. However, it has been shown that these models are subject to a modality gap phenomenon meaning there exists a clear separation between the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 François Role , Sébastien Meyer , Victor Amblard

In-context learning (ICL) facilitates Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibiting emergent ability on downstream tasks without updating billions of parameters. However, in the area of multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), two problems…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jun Gao , Qian Qiao , Ziqiang Cao , Zili Wang , Wenjie Li

We present a novel visual instruction tuning strategy to improve the zero-shot task generalization of multimodal large language models by building a firm text-only knowledge base. Existing work lacks sufficient experimentation on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jianhong Tu , Zhuohao Ni , Nicholas Crispino , Zihao Yu , Michael Bendersky , Beliz Gunel , Ruoxi Jia , Xin Liu , Lingjuan Lyu , Dawn Song , Chenguang Wang

Current large vision-language models (LVLMs) typically employ a connector module to link visual features with text embeddings of large language models (LLMs) and use end-to-end training to achieve multi-modal understanding in a unified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zixian Guo , Ming Liu , Qilong Wang , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Lei Zhang , Wangmeng Zuo

Large language models (LLMs) have proven their remarkable versatility in handling a comprehensive range of language-centric applications. To expand LLMs' capabilities to a broader spectrum of modal inputs, multimodal large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Qiang Zhou , Zhibin Wang , Wei Chu , Yinghui Xu , Hao Li , Yuan Qi

Achieving deep alignment between vision and language remains a central challenge for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). These models often fail to fully leverage visual input, defaulting to strong language priors. Our approach first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Aarti Ghatkesar , Ganesh Venkatesh

We uncover a surprising multilingual bias occurring in a popular class of multimodal vision-language models (VLMs). Including an image in the query to a LLaVA-style VLM significantly increases the likelihood of the model returning an…

Infrared-visible image fusion (IVIF) has attracted much attention owing to the highly-complementary properties of the two image modalities. Due to the lack of ground-truth fused images, the fusion output of current deep-learning based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yuhao Wang , Lingjuan Miao , Zhiqiang Zhou , Lei Zhang , Yajun Qiao

Aligning visual features with language embeddings is a key challenge in vision-language models (VLMs). The performance of such models hinges on having a good connector that maps visual features generated by a vision encoder to a shared…

We propose a visual-linguistic representation learning approach within a self-supervised learning framework by introducing a new operation, loss, and data augmentation strategy. First, we generate diverse features for the image-text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Jaeyoo Park , Bohyung Han

Image scoring is a crucial task in numerous real-world applications. To trust a model's judgment, understanding its rationale is essential. This paper proposes a novel training method for Vision Language Models (VLMs) to generate not only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Naoto Tanji , Toshihiko Yamasaki