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Baseball is a game of strategic decisions including bullpen usage, pinch-hitting and intentional walks. Managers must adjust their strategies based on the changing state of the game in order to give their team the best chance of winning. In…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Tristan Mott , Caleb Bradshaw , David Grimsman , Christopher Archibald

Predicting performance outcomes has the potential to transform training approaches, inform coaching strategies, and deepen our understanding of the factors that contribute to athletic success. Traditional non-automated data analysis in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Melik Ozolcer , Tongze Zhang , Sang Won Bae

In professional basketball, the accurate prediction of scoring opportunities based on strategic decision-making is crucial for spatial and player evaluations. However, traditional models often face challenges in accounting for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Rikako Kono , Keisuke Fujii

Motivated by the goal of evaluating real-time forecasts of home team win probabilities in the National Basketball Association, we develop new tools for measuring the quality of continuously updated probabilistic forecasts. This includes…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-05 Chi-Kuang Yeh , Gregory Rice , Joel A. Dubin

We study the effects of randomness on competitions based on an elementary random process in which there is a finite probability that a weaker team upsets a stronger team. We apply this model to sports leagues and sports tournaments, and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-04-02 E. Ben-Naim , N. W. Hengartner , S. Redner , F. Vazquez

In this paper, we present a new model for ranking sports teams. Our model uses all scoring data from all games to produce a functional rating by the method of least squares. The functional rating can be interpreted as a teams average point…

Applications · Statistics 2019-08-05 Bradley Lowery , Abigail Slater , Kaison Thies

Sports competitions are widely researched in computer and social science, with the goal of understanding how players act under uncertainty. While there is an abundance of computational work on player metrics prediction based on past…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Nadav Oved , Amir Feder , Roi Reichart

We use a simple machine learning model, logistically-weighted regularized linear least squares regression, in order to predict baseball, basketball, football, and hockey games. We do so using only the thirty-year record of which visiting…

Applications · Statistics 2017-05-16 Alexander Dubbs

National Basketball Association (NBA) players are highly motivated and skilled experts that solve complex decision making problems at every time point during a game. As a step towards understanding how players make their decisions, we focus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Sandro Hauri , Nemanja Djuric , Vladan Radosavljevic , Slobodan Vucetic

We apply the method of defensive forecasting, based on the use of game-theoretic supermartingales, to prediction with expert advice. In the traditional setting of a countable number of experts and a finite number of outcomes, the Defensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-03-12 Alexey Chernov , Yuri Kalnishkan , Fedor Zhdanov , Vladimir Vovk

This article is devoted to the forecast of the Africa Cup of Nations 2019 football tournament. It is based on a Poisson regression model that includes the Elo points of the participating teams as covariates and incorporates differences of…

Applications · Statistics 2019-06-18 Lorenz A. Gilch

Shot charts in basketball analytics provide an indispensable tool for evaluating players' shooting performance by visually representing the distribution of field goal attempts across different court locations. However, conventional methods…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-16 Luca Scrucca , Dimitris Karlis

American college football faces a conflict created by the desire to stage national championship games between the best teams of a season when there is no conventional playoff system to decide which those teams are. Instead, ranking of teams…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Juyong Park , M. E. J. Newman

This study evaluates the effectiveness of the two-for-one strategy in basketball by applying a causal inference framework to play-by-play data from the 2018-19 and 2021-22 National Basketball Association regular seasons. Incorporating…

Applications · Statistics 2026-01-08 Prateek Sasan , Daryl Swartzentruber

Maddox, et al. [9, 10] establish Bayesian methods for estimating home-team in-game win probability for college and NBA basketball. This paper introduces a Bayesian approach for estimating in-game home-team win probability for Division-I FBS…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-29 Jason T. Maddox , Ryan Sides , Jane L. Harvill

Statistical applications in sports have long centered on how to best separate signal (e.g. team talent) from random noise. However, most of this work has concentrated on a single sport, and the development of meaningful cross-sport…

Applications · Statistics 2017-11-23 Michael J. Lopez , Gregory J. Matthews , Benjamin S. Baumer

In this paper we model basketball plays as episodes from team-specific non-stationary Markov decision processes (MDPs) with shot clock dependent transition probabilities. Bayesian hierarchical models are employed in the modeling and…

Applications · Statistics 2021-04-19 Nathan Sandholtz , Luke Bornn

We present evidence, based on play-by-play data from all 6087 games from the 2006/07--2009/10 seasons of the National Basketball Association (NBA), that basketball scoring is well described by a weakly-biased continuous-time random walk.…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2014-07-25 Alan Gabel , S. Redner

Volleyball has become a competitive sport with high physical and technical performance. Matches results are based on the players and teams'skills as technical and tactical strategies to succeed in a championship. At this point, some studies…

Applications · Statistics 2014-12-19 Taciana K. O. Shimizu , Francisco Louzada , Adriano K. Suzuki

Many popular sports involve matches between two teams or players where each team have the possibility of scoring points throughout the match. While the overall match winner and result is interesting, it conveys little information about the…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-23 Claus Thorn Ekstrøm , Andreas Kryger Jensen