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Related papers: Explainable ICD Coding via Entity Linking

200 papers

To address the limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding task, where they often produce inaccurate and incomplete prediction results due to the high-dimensional and skewed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Rumeng Li , Xun Wang , Hong Yu

Healthcare providers usually record detailed notes of the clinical care delivered to each patient for clinical, research, and billing purposes. Due to the unstructured nature of these narratives, providers employ dedicated staff to assign…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Chufan Gao , Mononito Goswami , Jieshi Chen , Artur Dubrawski

Medical coding translates free-text clinical documentation into standardized codes drawn from classification systems that contain tens of thousands of entries and are updated annually. It is central to billing, clinical research, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Joakim Edin , Andreas Motzfeldt , Simon Flachs , Lars Maaløe

Automatic International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding plays a crucial role in the extraction of relevant information from clinical notes for proper recording and billing. One of the most important directions for boosting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Junyu Luo , Xiaochen Wang , Jiaqi Wang , Aofei Chang , Yaqing Wang , Fenglong Ma

The vast majority of research in computer assisted medical coding focuses on coding at the document level, but a substantial proportion of medical coding in the real world involves coding at the level of clinical encounters, each of which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Han-Chin Shing , Guoli Wang , Philip Resnik

Medical entity linking is the task of identifying and standardizing medical concepts referred to in an unstructured text. Most of the existing methods adopt a three-step approach of (1) detecting mentions, (2) generating a list of candidate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Shikhar Vashishth , Denis Newman-Griffis , Rishabh Joshi , Ritam Dutt , Carolyn Rose

The clinical notes are usually typed into the system by physicians. They are typically required to be marked by standard medical codes, and each code represents a diagnosis or medical treatment procedure. Annotating these notes is time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Guodong Liu

Clinical text is rich in information, with mentions of treatment, medication and anatomy among many other clinical terms. Multiple terms can refer to the same core concepts which can be referred as a clinical entity. Ontologies like the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Akshit Achara , Sanand Sasidharan , Gagan N

Clinical notes contain unstructured text provided by clinicians during patient encounters. These notes are usually accompanied by a sequence of diagnostic codes following the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Correctly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Mohammad Mansoori , Amira Soliman , Farzaneh Etminani

Automatic ICD coding, the task of assigning disease and procedure codes to electronic medical records, is crucial for clinical documentation and billing. While existing methods primarily enhance model understanding of code hierarchies and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Tuan-Dung Le , Shohreh Haddadan , Thanh Q. Thieu

Prediction of medical codes from clinical notes is a practical and essential need for every healthcare delivery organization within current medical systems. Automating annotation will save significant time and excessive effort that human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Byung-Hak Kim

Computerised clinical coding approaches aim to automate the process of assigning a set of codes to medical records. While there is active research pushing the state of the art on clinical coding for hospitalized patients, the outpatient…

Automatically classifying electronic health records (EHRs) into diagnostic codes has been challenging to the NLP community. State-of-the-art methods treated this problem as a multilabel classification problem and proposed various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Chao-Wei Huang , Shang-Chi Tsai , Yun-Nung Chen

Medical coding is the task of assigning medical codes to clinical free-text documentation. Healthcare professionals manually assign such codes to track patient diagnoses and treatments. Automated medical coding can considerably alleviate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Joakim Edin , Alexander Junge , Jakob D. Havtorn , Lasse Borgholt , Maria Maistro , Tuukka Ruotsalo , Lars Maaløe

ICD(International Classification of Diseases) coding involves assigning ICD codes to patients visit based on their medical notes. Considering ICD coding as a multi-label text classification task, researchers have developed sophisticated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Bin Zhang , Junli Wang

Clinical notes in healthcare facilities are tagged with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code; a list of classification codes for medical diagnoses and procedures. ICD coding is a challenging multilabel text classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Thanh-Tung Nguyen , Viktor Schlegel , Abhinav Kashyap , Stefan Winkler

A Chief complaint (CC) is the reason for the medical visit as stated in the patient's own words. It helps medical professionals to quickly understand a patient's situation, and also serves as a short summary for medical text mining.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhimeng Luo , Zhendong Wang , Rui Meng , Diyang Xue , Adam Frisch , Daqing He

International Classification of Disease (ICD) coding procedure which refers to tagging medical notes with diagnosis codes has been shown to be effective and crucial to the billing system in medical sector. Currently, ICD codes are assigned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Biplob Biswas , Thai-Hoang Pham , Ping Zhang

This study evaluates how well large language models (LLMs) can classify ICD-10 codes from hospital discharge summaries, a critical but error-prone task in healthcare. Using 1,500 summaries from the MIMIC-IV dataset and focusing on the 10…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Akram Mustafa , Usman Naseem , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

Entity linking is the task of linking mentions of named entities in natural language text, to entities in a curated knowledge-base. This is of significant importance in the biomedical domain, where it could be used to semantically annotate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Ming Zhu , Busra Celikkaya , Parminder Bhatia , Chandan K. Reddy