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The integration of neuromorphic computing and transformers through spiking neural networks (SNNs) offers a promising path to energy-efficient sequence modeling, with the potential to overcome the energy-intensive nature of the artificial…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Zihang Song , Prabodh Katti , Osvaldo Simeone , Bipin Rajendran

Spiking Neural Networks(SNNs) provide a brain-inspired and event-driven mechanism that is believed to be critical to unlock energy-efficient deep learning. The mixture-of-experts approach mirrors the parallel distributed processing of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Boxun Xu , Junyoung Hwang , Pruek Vanna-iampikul , Yuxuan Yin , Sung Kyu Lim , Peng Li

Transformer-based speech enhancement models yield impressive results. However, their heterogeneous and complex structure restricts model compression potential, resulting in greater complexity and reduced hardware efficiency. Additionally,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Ci-Hao Wu , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have been recently integrated into Transformer architectures due to their potential to reduce computational demands and to improve power efficiency. Yet, the implementation of the attention mechanism using…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zihang Song , Prabodh Katti , Osvaldo Simeone , Bipin Rajendran

Including Artificial Neural Networks in embedded systems at the edge allows applications to exploit Artificial Intelligence capabilities directly within devices operating at the network periphery. This paper introduces Spiker+, a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Alessio Carpegna , Alessandro Savino , Stefano Di Carlo

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have recently attracted widespread research interest as an efficient alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) because of their capability to process sparse and binary spike information and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Yuhang Li , Abhishek Moitra , Tamar Geller , Priyadarshini Panda

The ambition of brain-inspired Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) is to become a low-power alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). This work addresses two major challenges in realizing this vision: the performance gap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Man Yao , Xuerui Qiu , Tianxiang Hu , Jiakui Hu , Yuhong Chou , Keyu Tian , Jianxing Liao , Luziwei Leng , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have gained significant attention in edge computing due to their low power consumption and computational efficiency. However, existing implementations either use conventional System on Chip (SoC) architectures…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Kanishka Gunawardana , Sanka Peeris , Kavishka Rambukwella , Thamish Wanduragala , Saadia Jameel , Roshan Ragel , Isuru Nawinne

This paper presents a novel approach to neuromorphic audio processing by integrating the strengths of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), Transformers, and high-performance computing (HPC) into the HPCNeuroNet architecture. Utilizing the Intel…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-22 Murat Isik , Hiruna Vishwamith , Kayode Inadagbo , I. Can Dikmen

The demand for edge artificial intelligence to process event-based, complex data calls for hardware beyond conventional digital, von-Neumann architectures. Neuromorphic computing, using spiking neural networks (SNNs) with emerging…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Zhu Wang , Song Wang , Zhiyuan Du , Ruibin Mao , Yu Xiao , Hayden Kwok-Hay So , Peng Lin , Can Li

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer a promising energy-efficient alternative to artificial neural networks, due to their event-driven spiking computation. However, some foundation SNN backbones (including Spikformer and SEW ResNet) suffer…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Chenlin Zhou , Liutao Yu , Zhaokun Zhou , Han Zhang , Jiaqi Wang , Huihui Zhou , Zhengyu Ma , Yonghong Tian

Neuromorphic computing, which exploits Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) on neuromorphic chips, is a promising energy-efficient alternative to traditional AI. CNN-based SNNs are the current mainstream of neuromorphic computing. By contrast, no…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Man Yao , Jiakui Hu , Tianxiang Hu , Yifan Xu , Zhaokun Zhou , Yonghong Tian , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

Skeleton-based action recognition is crucial for multimedia applications but heavily relies on power-hungry Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), limiting their deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Naichuan Zheng , Hailun Xia , Zepeng Sun , Weiyi Li , Yujia Wang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have a low-power advantage but perform poorly in image segmentation tasks. The reason is that directly converting neural networks with complex architectural designs for segmentation tasks into spiking versions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Zhenxin Lei , Man Yao , Jiakui Hu , Xinhao Luo , Yanye Lu , Bo Xu , Guoqi Li

This paper presents a spiking neural network (SNN) accelerator made using fully open-source EDA tools, process design kit (PDK), and memory macros synthesized using OpenRAM. The chip is taped out in the 130 nm SkyWater process and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Farhad Modaresi , Matthew Guthaus , Jason K. Eshraghian

Hardware accelerators are essential for achieving low-latency, energy-efficient inference in edge applications like image recognition. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are particularly promising due to their event-driven and temporally sparse…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Alessio Caviglia , Filippo Marostica , Alessio Carpegna , Alessandro Savino , Stefano Di Carlo

SNNs are an active research domain towards energy efficient machine intelligence. Compared to conventional ANNs, SNNs use temporal spike data and bio-plausible neuronal activation functions such as Leaky-Integrate Fire/Integrate Fire…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Abhishek Moitra , Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Runcong Kuang , Gokul Krishnan , Yu Cao , Priyadarshini Panda

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a promising solution to the problem of increasing computational and energy requirements for modern Machine Learning (ML) applications. Due to their unique data representation choice of using spikes and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Daniel Windhager , Lothar Ratschbacher , Bernhard A. Moser , Michael Lunglmayr

Implantable Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) are promising for motor rehabilitation and mobility augmentation, and they demand accurate and energy-efficient algorithms. In this paper, we propose a novel spiking neural network (SNN) decoder…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-06 Jiawei Liao , Oscar Toomey , Xiaying Wang , Lars Widmer , Cynthia A. Chestek , Luca Benini , Taekwang Jang

Spike-based Transformer presents a compelling and energy-efficient alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based Transformers, achieving impressive results through sparse binary computations. However, existing spike-based…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Donghyun Lee , Yuhang Li , Youngeun Kim , Shiting Xiao , Priyadarshini Panda