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Ensuring energy-efficient design in neuromorphic computing systems necessitates a tailored architecture combined with algorithmic approaches. This manuscript focuses on enhancing brain-inspired perceptual computing machines through a novel…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Ali Shiri Sichani , Sai Kankatala

As deep learning models scale, they become increasingly competitive from domains spanning from computer vision to natural language processing; however, this happens at the expense of efficiency since they require increasingly more memory…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Fabrizio Ottati , Chang Gao , Qinyu Chen , Giovanni Brignone , Mario R. Casu , Jason K. Eshraghian , Luciano Lavagno

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are gaining widespread momentum in the field of neuromorphic computing. These network systems integrated with neurons and synapses provide computational efficiency by mimicking the human brain. It is desired…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Omkar Phadke , Jayatika Sakhuja , Vivek Saraswat , Udayan Ganguly

State-of-the-art Transformer-based models, with gigantic parameters, are difficult to be accommodated on resource constrained embedded devices. Moreover, with the development of technology, more and more embedded devices are available to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Panjie Qi , Edwin Hsing-Mean Sha , Qingfeng Zhuge , Hongwu Peng , Shaoyi Huang , Zhenglun Kong , Yuhong Song , Bingbing Li

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) provide an energy-efficient solution by utilizing the spike-based and sparse nature of biological systems. Since the advent of Transformers, SNNs have struggled to compete with artificial networks on long…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Yan Zhong , Ruoyu Zhao , Chao Wang , Qinghai Guo , Jianguo Zhang , Zhichao Lu , Luziwei Leng

The highly sparse activations in Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) can provide tremendous energy efficiency benefits when carefully exploited in hardware. The behavior of sparsity in SNNs is uniquely shaped by the dataset and training…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Ilkin Aliyev , Tosiron Adegbija

The spiking neural network (SNN) computes and communicates information through discrete binary events. It is considered more biologically plausible and more energy-efficient than artificial neural networks (ANN) in emerging neuromorphic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Yang Li , Yi Zeng , Dongcheng Zhao

The remarkable success of Vision Transformers in Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) has led to a growing interest in incorporating the self-attention mechanism and transformer-based architecture into Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs). While…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Xinyu Shi , Zecheng Hao , Zhaofei Yu

This paper presents a programmable in-memory-computing processor, demonstrated in a 65nm CMOS technology. For data-centric workloads, such as deep neural networks, data movement often dominates when implemented with today's computing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Hongyang Jia , Yinqi Tang , Hossein Valavi , Jintao Zhang , Naveen Verma

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have gained attention for their energy-efficient machine learning capabilities, utilizing bio-inspired activation functions and sparse binary spike-data representations. While recent SNN algorithmic advances…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Ruokai Yin , Abhishek Moitra , Priyadarshini Panda

Spiking neural networks have garnered increasing attention due to their energy efficiency, multiplication-free computation, and sparse event-based processing. In parallel, state space models have emerged as scalable alternatives to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Kartikay Agrawal , Abhijeet Vikram , Vedant Sharma , Vaishnavi Nagabhushana , Ayon Borthakur

Photonic computing chips have made significant progress in accelerating linear computations, but nonlinear computations are usually implemented in the digital domain, which introduces additional system latency and power consumption, and…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer notable advantages in biological plausibility and energy efficiency, making them promising candidates for building low-power Transformers. However, existing Spiking Transformers largely adhere to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zequan Xie , Weiming Zeng , Yunhua Chen , Sichang Ling , Tongyang Chen , Jinsheng Xiao

The computational complexity of deep learning algorithms has given rise to significant speed and memory challenges for the execution hardware. In energy-limited portable devices, highly efficient processing platforms are indispensable for…

Transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art performance across a wide range of machine learning tasks. There is growing interest in training transformers on resource-constrained edge devices due to considerations such as privacy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiayi Tian , Jinming Lu , Hai Li , Xiangwei Wang , Cong Hao , Ian Young , Zheng Zhang

Memristive crossbars have become a popular means for realizing unsupervised and supervised learning techniques. In previous neuromorphic architectures with leaky integrate-and-fire neurons, the crossbar itself has been separated from the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Walt Woods , Christof Teuscher

The growing popularity of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) and their applications has led to a significant fast-paced increase of neuromorphic architectures capable of mimicking the spike-based data processing typical of biological neurons.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Michelangelo Barocci , Vittorio Fra , Enrico Macii , Gianvito Urgese

Deep learning-driven superresolution (SR) outperforms traditional techniques but also faces the challenge of high complexity and memory bandwidth. This challenge leads many accelerators to opt for simpler and shallow models like FSRCNN,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-25 Tun-Hao Yang , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have advantages in latency and energy efficiency over traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs) due to its event-driven computation mechanism and replacement of energy-consuming weight multiplications with…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Zhehui Wang , Xiaozhe Gu , Rick Goh , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Tao Luo

Transformers have revolutionized AI in natural language processing and computer vision, but their large computation and memory demands pose major challenges for hardware acceleration. In practice, end-to-end throughput is often limited by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Qunyou Liu , Marina Zapater , David Atienza
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