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Blockchain consensus is a state whereby each node in a network agrees on the current state of the blockchain. Existing protocols achieve consensus via a contest or voting procedure to select one node as a dictator to propose new blocks.…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2022-06-22 Joshua S. Gans , Richard Holden

The connected and autonomous systems (CAS) and auto-driving era is coming into our life. To support CAS applications such as AI-driven decision-making and blockchain-based smart data management platform, data and message…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Huanyu Wu , Chentao Yue , Lei Zhang , Yonghui Li , Muhammad Ali Imran

The Tor anonymity network has been shown vulnerable to traffic analysis attacks by autonomous systems and Internet exchanges, which can observe different overlay hops belonging to the same circuit. We aim to determine whether network path…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-05 Joshua Juen , Aaron Johnson , Anupam Das , Nikita Borisov , Matthew Caesar

Quantum key distribution (QKD) networks are expected to enable information-theoretical secure (ITS) communication over a large-scale network. Most researches on relay-based QKD network assume that all relays or nodes are completely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Yi Luo , Qiong Li , Hao-Kun Mao

Decentralized systems built around blockchain technology promise clients an immutable ledger. They add a transaction to the ledger after it undergoes consensus among the replicas that run a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) or Byzantine Fault-Tolerant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Junchao Chen , Suyash Gupta , Alberto Sonnino , Lefteris Kokoris-Kogias , Mohammad Sadoghi

Anonymity networks are providing practical mechanisms to protect its users against censorship by hiding their identity and information content. The best-known anonymity network, The Onion Routing (Tor) network, is however subject to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Anna Engelmann , Admela Jukan

There has been a growing interest in realizing the resilient consensus of the multi-agent system (MAS) under cyber-attacks, which aims to achieve the consensus of normal agents (i.e., agents without attacks) in a network, depending on the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-13 Henglai Wei , Kunwu Zhang , Hui Zhang , Yang Shi

Blockchain is a type of decentralized distributed network which acts as an immutable digital ledger. Despite the absence of any central governing authority to validate the blocks in the ledger, it is considered secure and immutable due to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Shashank Joshi

With the continuous expansion of blockchain application scenarios, consortium chains have raised higher performance and security requirements for consensus mechanisms. Unlike public blockchains, consortium chains typically implement an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Wen Gao , Xinhong Hei , Yichuan Wang

Privacy of users in P2P networks goes far beyond their current usage and is a fundamental requirement to the adoption of P2P protocols for legal usage. In a climate of cold war between these users and anti-piracy groups, more and more users…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-04-12 Pere Manils , Chaabane Abdelberri , Stevens Le Blond , Mohamed Ali Kaafar , Claude Castelluccia , Arnaud Legout , Walid Dabbous

Since the inception of Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies and the underlying blockchain technology have attracted an increasing interest from both academia and industry. Among various core components, consensus protocol is the defining technology…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Yang Xiao , Ning Zhang , Wenjing Lou , Y. Thomas Hou

Agreement plays a central role in distributed systems working on a common task. The increasing size of modern distributed systems makes them more susceptible to single component failures. Fault-tolerant distributed agreement protocols rely…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Marius Poke , Colin W. Glass

Recently, storage of huge volume of data into Cloud has become an effective trend in modern day Computing due to its dynamic nature. After storing, users deletes their original copy of the data files. Therefore users, cannot directly…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Priodyuti Pradhan

Anonymity networks like Tor significantly enhance online privacy but are vulnerable to correlation attacks by state-level adversaries. While covert channels encapsulated in media protocols, particularly WebRTC-based encapsulation, have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Afonso Vilalonga , João S. Resende , Henrique Domingos

Tor is a well-known anonymous communication tool, used by people with various privacy and security needs. Prior works have exploited routing attacks to observe Tor traffic and deanonymize Tor users. Subsequently, location-aware relay…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Zhifan Lu , Siyang Sun , Yixin Sun

Anonymous VoIP calls over the Internet holds great significance for privacy-conscious users, whistle-blowers and political activists alike. Prior research deems popular anonymization systems like Tor unsuitable for providing requisite…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Piyush Kumar Sharma , Shashwat Chaudhary , Nikhil Hassija , Mukulika Maity , Sambuddho Chakravarty

In this work, we focus on solving a decentralized consensus problem in a private manner. Specifically, we consider a setting in which a group of nodes, connected through a network, aim at computing the mean of their local values without…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Mohammad Fereydounian , Aryan Mokhtari , Ramtin Pedarsani , Hamed Hassani

Designing distributed, fast and reliable wireless consensus protocols is instrumental in enabling mission-critical decentralized systems, such as robotic networks in the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), drone swarms in rescue missions,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Hyowoon Seo , Jihong Park , Mehdi Bennis , Wan Choi

Tor provides anonymity to millions of users around the globe which has made it a valuable target for malicious actors. As a low-latency anonymity system, it is vulnerable to traffic correlation attacks from strong passive adversaries such…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Gabriel Karl Gegenhuber , Markus Maier , Florian Holzbauer , Wilfried Mayer , Georg Merzdovnik , Edgar Weippl , Johanna Ullrich

Tor provides anonymity online by routing traffic through encrypted tunnels, called circuits, over paths of anonymizing relays. To enable users to connect to their selected destination servers without waiting for the circuit to be build, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-21 Mohsen Imani , Mehrdad Amirabadi , Matthew Wright