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Related papers: Operational equivalence and causal structure

200 papers

Quantum operations are used to describe the observed probability distributions and conditional states of the measured system. In this paper, we address the problem of their joint measurability (coexistence). We derive two equivalent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-21 Teiko Heinosaari , Daniel Reitzner , Peter Stano , Mario Ziman

Contextuality is a central feature of quantum theory, traditionally understood as the impossibility of reproducing quantum measurement statistics using noncontextual ontological models. We study classical ontological descriptions in which a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Song-Ju Kim

The consequences of the theorems about ontological models are studied. "Maximally $\psi$-epistemic" is shown to be equivalent to the conjunction of two other conditions, each of which can be realized in Hilbert spaces of arbitrary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-25 Leslie Ballentine

It is useful to have a criterion for when the predictions of an operational theory should be considered classically explainable. Here we take the criterion to be that the theory admits of a generalized-noncontextual ontological model.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 David Schmid , John H. Selby , Matthew F. Pusey , Robert W. Spekkens

A new measure of information in quantum mechanics is proposed which takes into account that for quantum systems the only feature known before an experiment is performed are the probabilities for various events to occur. The sum of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Caslav Brukner , Anton Zeilinger

The conspiracy of ontic states responding to measurements contextually to comply with noncontextual quantum mechanical probabilities is analyzed for general ontological models. A general physical picture of ontological space structure and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Yiruo Lin

The histories-based framework of Quantum Measure Theory assigns a generalized probability or measure $\mu(E)$ to every (suitably regular) set $E$ of histories. Even though $\mu(E)$ cannot in general be interpreted as the expectation value…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-27 Álvaro Mozota Frauca , Rafael Dolnick Sorkin

The recently developed framework for quantum theory with no global causal order allows for quantum processes in which operations in local laboratories are neither causally ordered nor in a probabilistic mixture of definite causal orders.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Veronika Baumann , Časlav Brukner

An analysis of quantum measurement is presented that relies on an information-theoretic description of quantum entanglement. In a consistent quantum information theory of entanglement, entropies (uncertainties) conditional on measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 N. J. Cerf , C. Adami

Characterising causal structure is an activity that is ubiquitous across the sciences. Causal models are representational devices that can be used as oracles for future interventions, to predict how values of some variables will change in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-11 G. J. Milburn , Sally Shrapnel

In the study of quantum computation, data is represented in terms of linear operators which form a generalized model of probability, and computations are most commonly described as products of unitary transformations, which are the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-16 Jonathan Robert Niel de Beaudrap

In many a traditional physics textbook, a quantum measurement is defined as a projective measurement represented by a Hermitian operator. In quantum information theory, however, the concept of a measurement is dealt with in complete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-06 Ravi Kunjwal , Chris Heunen , Tobias Fritz

Quantum operations describe any state change allowed in quantum mechanics, including the evolution of an open system or the state change due to a measurement. In this letter we present a general method based on quantum tomography for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 G. M. D'Ariano , P. Lo Presti

The concept of intrinsic and operational observables in quantum mechanics is introduced. In any realistic description of a quantum measurement that includes a macroscopic detecting device, it is possible to construct from the statistics of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 B. G. Englert , K. Wodkiewicz

Every theory of information, including classical and quantum, can be studied in the framework of operational probabilistic theories--where the notion of test generalizes that of quantum instrument, namely a collection of quantum operations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-26 Giacomo M. D'Ariano , Paolo Perinotti , Alessandro Tosini

The concept of intrinsic and operational observables in quantum mechanics is introduced. It is argued that, in any realistic description of a quantum measurement that includes a detecting device, it is possible to construct from the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Piotr Kochanski , Krzysztof Wodkiewicz

In this work, we give rigorous operational meaning to superposition of causal orders. This fits within a recent effort to understand how the standard operational perspective on quantum theory could be extended to include indefinite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-07 Nicola Pinzani , Stefano Gogioso

We propose an operational measure of distance of two quantum states, which conversely tells us their closeness. This is defined as a sum of differences in partial knowledge over a complete set of mutually complementary measurements for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jinhyoung Lee , M. S. Kim , Caslav Brukner

We explore further the suggestion to describe a pre- and post-selected system by a two-state, which is determined by two conditions. Starting with a formal definition of a two-state Hilbert space and basic operations, we systematically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-28 B. Reznik , Y. Aharonov

Formulations of quantum mechanics can be characterized as realistic, operationalist, or a combination of the two. In this paper a realistic theory is defined as describing a closed system entirely by means of entities and concepts…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 R Friedberg , P C Hohenberg