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Chain-of-thought prompting has popularized step-by-step reasoning in large language models, yet model performance still degrades as problem complexity and context length grow. By decomposing difficult tasks with long contexts into shorter,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Michael Rizvi-Martel , Satwik Bhattamishra , Neil Rathi , Guillaume Rabusseau , Michael Hahn

Multi-Agent Policy Gradient (MAPG) has made significant progress in recent years. However, centralized critics in state-of-the-art MAPG methods still face the centralized-decentralized mismatch (CDM) issue, which means sub-optimal actions…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xingzhou Lou , Junge Zhang , Timothy J. Norman , Kaiqi Huang , Yali Du

While multiagent systems have shown promise for tackling complex tasks via specialization, finetuning multiple agents simultaneously faces two key challenges: (1) credit assignment across agents, and (2) sample efficiency of expensive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Ed Li , Junyu Ren , Cat Yan

Designing effective collaboration structure for multi-agent LLM systems to enhance collective reasoning is crucial yet remains under-explored. In this paper, we systematically investigate how collaborative reasoning performance is affected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Baixuan Xu , Chunyang Li , Weiqi Wang , Wei Fan , Tianshi Zheng , Haochen Shi , Tao Fan , Yangqiu Song , Qiang Yang

The rapid proliferation of large language model (LLM)-based agentic systems raises critical concerns regarding digital sovereignty, environmental sustainability, regulatory compliance, and ethical alignment. Whilst existing frameworks…

Accurate interpretation of clinical narratives is critical for patient care, but the complexity of these notes makes automation challenging. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise, single-model approaches can lack the robustness…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Yeawon Lee , Xiaoyang Wang , Christopher C. Yang

The dominant paradigm of monolithic scaling in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) is failing for understanding and reasoning in documents, yielding diminishing returns as it struggles with the inherent need of this domain for document-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Xinlei Yu , Chengming Xu , Zhangquan Chen , Yudong Zhang , Shilin Lu , Cheng Yang , Jiangning Zhang , Shuicheng Yan , Xiaobin Hu

Robotic agents performing domestic chores by natural language directives are required to master the complex job of navigating environment and interacting with objects in the environments. The tasks given to the agents are often composite…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Suvaansh Bhambri , Byeonghwi Kim , Jonghyun Choi

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved their problem-solving capabilities. However, these models still struggle when faced with complex multi-step reasoning tasks. In this paper, we propose the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 André de Souza Loureiro , Jorge Valverde-Rebaza , Julieta Noguez , David Escarcega , Ricardo Marcacini

Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) with Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents are gaining attention, yet fewer studies explore their team dynamics. Inspired by human team science, we propose a multi-agent framework to examine core aspects of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Rasika Muralidharan , Haewoon Kwak , Jisun An

Large language models, employed as multiple agents that interact and collaborate with each other, have excelled at solving complex tasks. The agents are programmed with prompts that declare their functionality, along with the topologies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Han Zhou , Xingchen Wan , Ruoxi Sun , Hamid Palangi , Shariq Iqbal , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen , Sercan Ö. Arık

We introduce MBTI-in-Thoughts, a framework for enhancing the effectiveness of Large Language Model (LLM) agents through psychologically grounded personality conditioning. Drawing on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), our method primes…

Multi-agent large language models (MA-LLMs) are a rapidly growing research area that leverages multiple interacting language agents to tackle complex tasks, outperforming single-agent large language models. This literature review…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Arne Tillmann

Mathematical reasoning is a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs), yet achieving high performance in this domain remains a significant challenge. The auto-regressive generation process often makes LLMs susceptible to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xiaoxuan Lou , Chaojie Wang , Bo An

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) finds conflict-free paths for multiple agents from their respective start to goal locations. MAPF is challenging as the joint configuration space grows exponentially with respect to the number of agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Lakshay Virmani , Zhongqiang Ren , Sivakumar Rathinam , Howie Choset

Large language models (LLMs) often display sycophancy, a tendency toward excessive agreeability. This behavior poses significant challenges for multi-agent debating systems (MADS) that rely on productive disagreement to refine arguments and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Binwei Yao , Chao Shang , Wanyu Du , Jianfeng He , Ruixue Lian , Yi Zhang , Hang Su , Sandesh Swamy , Yanjun Qi

Multi-agent debate (MAD) has demonstrated the ability to augment collective intelligence by scaling test-time compute and leveraging expertise. Current frameworks for multi-agent debate are often designed towards tool use, lack integrated…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jonas Becker , Lars Benedikt Kaesberg , Niklas Bauer , Jan Philip Wahle , Terry Ruas , Bela Gipp

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on Large Language Models (LLMs) are being used to approach complex problems and can surpass single model inference. However, their success hinges on navigating a fundamental cognitive tension: the need to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Wei Yang , Jiacheng Pang , Shixuan Li , Paul Bogdan , Stephen Tu , Jesse Thomason

Agentic AI seeks to endow systems with sustained autonomy, reasoning, and interaction capabilities. To realize this vision, its assumptions about agency must be complemented by explicit models of cognition, cooperation, and governance. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Virginia Dignum , Frank Dignum

Cooperative multi-agent planning (MAP) is a relatively recent research field that combines technologies, algorithms and techniques developed by the Artificial Intelligence Planning and Multi-Agent Systems communities. While planning has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Alejandro Torreño , Eva Onaindia , Antonín Komenda , Michal Štolba