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As frontier AI models are deployed in high-stakes decision pipelines, their ability to maintain metacognitive stability (knowing what they do not know, detecting errors, seeking clarification) under adversarial pressure is a critical safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Rahul Kumar

Benchmarks such as ARC, Raven-inspired tests, and the Blackbird Task are widely used to evaluate the intelligence of large language models (LLMs). Yet, the concept of intelligence remains elusive- lacking a stable definition and failing to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ruchira Dhar , Ninell Oldenburg , Anders Soegaard

This paper establishes a theoretical foundation for understanding the fundamental limits of AI explainability through algorithmic information theory. We formalize explainability as the approximation of complex models by simpler ones,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Shrisha Rao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive real-world utility, exemplifying artificial useful intelligence (AUI). However, their ability to reason adaptively and robustly -- the hallmarks of artificial general intelligence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Seungwook Han , Jyothish Pari , Samuel J. Gershman , Pulkit Agrawal

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) plays a crucial role in fostering transparency and trust in AI systems, where traditional XAI approaches typically offer one level of abstraction for explanations, often in the form of heatmaps…

Explainability is needed to establish confidence in machine learning results. Some explainable methods take a post hoc approach to explain the weights of machine learning models, others highlight areas of the input contributing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Paul Whitten , Francis Wolff , Chris Papachristou

Large language models (LLMs) can serve as the semantic-matching engine of a content-based publish/subscribe broker for agentic AI across the edge-cloud computing continuum, bridging the vocabulary and modality gaps that defeat keyword and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Lauri Lovén , Abhishek Kumar , Alexander Engelhardt , Alaa Saleh , Roberto Morabito , Xiaoli Liu , Naser Hossein Motlagh , Sasu Tarkoma

We investigate whether Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit human-like cognitive patterns under four established frameworks from psychology: Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), Framing Bias, Moral Foundations Theory (MFT), and Cognitive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Akash Kundu , Rishika Goswami

In the pursuit of artificial general intelligence (AGI), we tackle Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) tasks using a novel two-pronged approach. We employ the Decision Transformer in an imitation learning paradigm to model human…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Jaehyun Park , Jaegyun Im , Sanha Hwang , Mintaek Lim , Sabina Ualibekova , Sejin Kim , Sundong Kim

The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) provides a compact laboratory for studying abstract reasoning, an ability central to human intelligence. Modern AI systems, including LLMs and ViTs, largely operate as sequence-of-behavior…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhiguang Liu , Yi Shang

As artificial intelligence (AI) improves, traditional alignment strategies may falter in the face of unpredictable self-improvement, hidden subgoals, and the sheer complexity of intelligent systems. Inspired by contemplative wisdom…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ruben Laukkonen , Fionn Inglis , Shamil Chandaria , Lars Sandved-Smith , Edmundo Lopez-Sola , Jakob Hohwy , Jonathan Gold , Adam Elwood

As frontier Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly saturate new benchmarks shortly after they are published, benchmarking itself is at a juncture: if frontier models keep improving, it will become increasingly hard for humans to generate…

While artificial intelligence (AI) models have achieved human or even superhuman performance in many well-defined applications, they still struggle to show signs of broad and flexible intelligence. The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Giacomo Camposampiero , Loic Houmard , Benjamin Estermann , Joël Mathys , Roger Wattenhofer

In response to the global challenge of mental health problems, we proposes a Logical Neural Network (LNN) based Neuro-Symbolic AI method for the diagnosis of mental disorders. Due to the lack of effective therapy coverage for mental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Yeldar Toleubay , Don Joven Agravante , Daiki Kimura , Baihan Lin , Djallel Bouneffouf , Michiaki Tatsubori

Understanding how humans and AI systems interpret ambiguous visual stimuli offers critical insight into the nature of perception, reasoning, and decision-making. This paper examines image labeling performance across human participants and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Chethana Prasad Kabgere

In the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), argumentative XAI approaches have been proposed to represent the internal reasoning process of deep neural networks in a more transparent way by interpreting hidden nodes as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Ungsik Kim

Conventional image compression methods typically aim at pixel-level consistency while ignoring the performance of downstream AI tasks.To solve this problem, this paper proposes a Semantic-Assisted Image Compression method (SAIC), which can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Qizheng Sun , Caili Guo , Yang Yang , Jiujiu Chen , Xijun Xue

With the advancement of Agentic AI, researchers are increasingly leveraging autonomous agents to address challenges in software engineering (SE). However, the large language models (LLMs) that underpin these agents often function as black…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Jingyue Li , André Storhaug

With the rise of AI systems in real-world applications comes the need for reliable and trustworthy AI. An essential aspect of this are explainable AI systems. However, there is no agreed standard on how explainable AI systems should be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Sascha Saralajew , Ammar Shaker , Zhao Xu , Kiril Gashteovski , Bhushan Kotnis , Wiem Ben Rim , Jürgen Quittek , Carolin Lawrence

A hallmark of human intelligence is the ability to infer abstract rules from limited experience and apply these rules to unfamiliar situations. This capacity is widely studied in the visual domain using the Raven's Progressive Matrices.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Quan Do , Thomas M. Morin , Chantal E. Stern , Michael E. Hasselmo