Large language models (LLMs) can serve as the semantic-matching engine of a content-based publish/subscribe broker for agentic AI across the edge-cloud computing continuum, bridging the vocabulary and modality gaps that defeat keyword and embedding filters. Framed as offline multi-label retrieval over three public datasets spanning social-media, legal, and smart-home sensor domains (six LLMs, seven baselines), our central contribution is a two-crossover cost-accuracy characterisation: an analytical context-window crossover below which a CoverAndMerge compression pipeline reduces LLM invocations, and an empirical discrimination-capacity crossover above which matching accuracy collapses independently of context budget, by a model-dependent factor of parameter count and training generation. Two findings carry practical weight: above the discrimination crossover, compression cannot recover accuracy and only frontier-scale models clear large subscription sets; and there backend choice dominates configuration choice, so model selection, not pipeline tuning, is the primary operator lever. We accompany this with three composable algorithms and a per-cluster Quality-of-Experience framework for autonomic LLM-tier selection.
@article{arxiv.2605.25701,
title = {Neural Router: Semantic Content Matching for Agentic AI},
author = {Lauri Lovén and Abhishek Kumar and Alexander Engelhardt and Alaa Saleh and Roberto Morabito and Xiaoli Liu and Naser Hossein Motlagh and Sasu Tarkoma},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.25701},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
35 pages, 12 figures. Combined main paper and electronic supplement, folded into one document for arXiv