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U-net is an image segmentation technique developed primarily for medical image analysis that can precisely segment images using a scarce amount of training data. These traits provide U-net with a very high utility within the medical imaging…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-10 Nahian Siddique , Paheding Sidike , Colin Elkin , Vijay Devabhaktuni

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have shown promise in automating image diagnosis and interpretation in clinical settings. However, developing specialist medical VLMs requires substantial computational resources and carefully curated datasets,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Yuan Zhong , Ruinan Jin , Qi Dou , Xiaoxiao Li

Currently, enhancing Unified Multimodal Models (UMMs) with image understanding, generation, and editing capabilities mainly relies on mixed multi-task training. Due to inherent task conflicts, such strategy requires complex multi-stage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Dian Zheng , Manyuan Zhang , Hongyu Li , Hongbo Liu , Kai Zou , Kaituo Feng , Hongsheng Li

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (LLMs) have highlighted their potential for medical and surgical applications. However, existing surgical datasets predominantly adopt a Visual Question Answering (VQA) format with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Tae-Min Choi , Tae Kyeong Jeong , Garam Kim , Jaemin Lee , Yeongyoon Koh , In Cheul Choi , Jae-Ho Chung , Jong Woong Park , Juyoun Park

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Computer Tomography (CT) are routinely used together to detect tumors. PET/CT segmentation models can automate tumor delineation, however, current multimodal models do not fully exploit the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-14 Zdravko Marinov , Simon Reiß , David Kersting , Jens Kleesiek , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Large annotated datasets are essential for training robust Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) models for breast cancer detection or risk prediction. However, acquiring such datasets with fine-detailed annotation is both costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Shunjie-Fabian Zheng , Hyeonjun Lee , Thijs Kooi , Ali Diba

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare imaging has revolutionized diagnostic medicine and clinical decision-making processes. This work presents an intelligent multimodal framework for medical image analysis…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-20 Samer Al-Hamadani

Recently, the remarkable success of large language models (LLMs) has achieved a profound impact on the field of artificial intelligence. Numerous advanced works based on LLMs have been proposed and applied in various scenarios. Among them,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Xizhe Xue , Yang Zhou , Dawei Yan , Lijie Tao , Junjie Li , Ying Li , Haokui Zhang , Rong Xiao

General-purpose vision-language models (VLMs) have emerged as promising tools in radiology, offering zero-shot capabilities that mitigate the need for large labeled datasets. However, in high-stakes domains like diagnostic radiology, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Hao-Chih Lee , Zelong Liu , Hamza Ahmed , Spencer Kim , Sean Huver , Vishwesh Nath , Zahi A. Fayad , Timothy Deyer , Xueyan Mei

Medical image analysis is essential to clinical diagnosis and treatment, which is increasingly supported by multi-modal large language models (MLLMs). However, previous research has primarily focused on 2D medical images, leaving 3D images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Fan Bai , Yuxin Du , Tiejun Huang , Max Q. -H. Meng , Bo Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) have proven their remarkable versatility in handling a comprehensive range of language-centric applications. To expand LLMs' capabilities to a broader spectrum of modal inputs, multimodal large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Qiang Zhou , Zhibin Wang , Wei Chu , Yinghui Xu , Hao Li , Yuan Qi

Despite the significant advancements represented by Vision-Language Models (VLMs), current architectures often exhibit limitations in retaining fine-grained visual information, leading to coarse-grained multimodal comprehension. We…

Automated radiology report generation is key for reducing radiologist workload and improving diagnostic consistency, yet generating accurate reports for 3D medical imaging remains challenging. Existing vision-language models face two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Pengcheng Shi , Minghui Zhang , Kehan Song , Jiaqi Liu , Yun Gu , Xinglin Zhang

Surgical AI often involves multiple tasks within a single procedure, like phase recognition or assessing the Critical View of Safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Traditional models, built for one task at a time, lack flexibility,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Soham Walimbe , Britty Baby , Vinkle Srivastav , Nicolas Padoy

The diagnosis of pathological images is often limited by expert availability and regional disparities, highlighting the importance of automated diagnosis using Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Traditional multimodal models typically emphasize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Jianyu Wu , Hao Yang , Xinhua Zeng , Guibing He , Zhiyu Chen , Zihui Li , Xiaochuan Zhang , Yangyang Ma , Run Fang , Yang Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) inherit the superior text understanding capabilities of LLMs and extend these capabilities to multimodal scenarios. These models achieve excellent results in the general domain of multimodal tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Jinlong He , Pengfei Li , Gang Liu , Shenjun Zhong

User interface modeling is inherently multimodal, which involves several distinct types of data: images, structures and language. The tasks are also diverse, including object detection, language generation and grounding. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Yang Li , Gang Li , Xin Zhou , Mostafa Dehghani , Alexey Gritsenko

Large language models (LLMs) have notably accelerated progress towards artificial general intelligence (AGI), with their impressive zero-shot capacity for user-tailored tasks, endowing them with immense potential across a range of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Wenhai Wang , Zhe Chen , Xiaokang Chen , Jiannan Wu , Xizhou Zhu , Gang Zeng , Ping Luo , Tong Lu , Jie Zhou , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise in 2D medical image analysis, but extending them to 3D remains challenging due to the high computational demands of volumetric data and the difficulty of aligning 3D spatial features with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yu Xin , Gorkem Can Ates , Kuang Gong , Wei Shao

Several recent works seek to develop foundation models specifically for medical applications, adapting general-purpose large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) via continued pretraining on publicly available biomedical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Daniel P. Jeong , Saurabh Garg , Zachary C. Lipton , Michael Oberst