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Simulation plays a crucial role in the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) due to the potential risks associated with real-world testing. Although significant progress has been made in the visual aspects of simulators, generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Wenhao Ding , Yulong Cao , Ding Zhao , Chaowei Xiao , Marco Pavone

This paper presents a scenario generation framework that creates diverse, parametrized, and safety-critical driving situations to validate the safety features of autonomous vehicles in simulation [15]. By modeling factors such as road…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Kiruthiga Chandra Shekar , Aliasghar Moj Arab

Understanding individual-level human mobility is critical for a wide range of applications. As such, real-world trajectory datasets provide valuable insights into actual movement behaviors and patterns of life but are often constrained by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Hossein Amiri , Joon-Seok Kim , Hamdi Kavak , Andrew Crooks , Dieter Pfoser , Carola Wenk , Andreas Züfle

Long-tail and rare event problems become crucial when autonomous driving algorithms are applied in the real world. For the purpose of evaluating systems in challenging settings, we propose a generative framework to create safety-critical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Wenhao Ding , Baiming Chen , Minjun Xu , Ding Zhao

Diverse and realistic traffic scenarios are crucial for evaluating the AI safety of autonomous driving systems in simulation. This work introduces a data-driven method called TrafficGen for traffic scenario generation. It learns from the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Lan Feng , Quanyi Li , Zhenghao Peng , Shuhan Tan , Bolei Zhou

Accurate trajectory prediction is fundamental to autonomous driving, as it underpins safe motion planning and collision avoidance in complex environments. However, existing benchmark datasets suffer from a pronounced long-tail distribution…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ruining Yang , Yi Xu , Yixiao Chen , Yun Fu , Lili Su

In this paper, a synergistic combination of deep reinforcement learning and hierarchical game theory is proposed as a modeling framework for behavioral predictions of drivers in highway driving scenarios. The need for a modeling framework…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Berat Mert Albaba , Yildiray Yildiz

Ensuring the safety and reliability of Automated Driving Systems (ADS) remains a critical challenge, as traditional verification methods such as large-scale on-road testing are prohibitively costly and time-consuming.To address…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Ji Zhou , Yongqi Zhao , Yixian Hu , Hexuan Li , Zhengguo Gu , Nan Xu , Arno Eichberger

Ensuring realistic traffic dynamics is a prerequisite for simulation platforms to evaluate the reliability of self-driving systems before deployment in the real world. Because most road users are human drivers, reproducing their diverse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Wendi Li , Hao Wu , Han Gao , Bing Mao , Fengyuan Xu , Sheng Zhong

Interaction between the background vehicles (BVs) and automated vehicles (AVs) in scenario-based testing plays a critical role in evaluating the intelligence of the AVs. Current testing scenarios typically employ predefined or scripted BVs,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-13 Yining Ma , Wei Jiang , Lingtong Zhang , Junyi Chen , Hong Wang , Chen Lv , Xuesong Wang , Lu Xiong

We propose a unified deep learning framework for the generation and analysis of driving scenario trajectories, and validate its effectiveness in a principled way. To model and generate scenarios of trajectories with different lengths, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Andreas Demetriou , Henrik Alfsvåg , Sadegh Rahrovani , Morteza Haghir Chehreghani

The technological and scientific challenges involved in the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are currently of primary interest for many automobile companies and research labs. However, human-controlled vehicles are likely to remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Ran Emuna , Avinoam Borowsky , Armin Biess

Simulation is an indispensable tool in the development and testing of autonomous vehicles (AVs), offering an efficient and safe alternative to road testing. An outstanding challenge with simulation-based testing is the generation of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Peide Huang , Wenhao Ding , Benjamin Stoler , Jonathan Francis , Bingqing Chen , Ding Zhao

In contemporary autonomous driving testing, virtual simulation has become an important approach due to its efficiency and cost effectiveness. However, existing methods usually rely on reinforcement learning to generate risky scenarios,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Chen Xiong , Cheng Wang , Yuhang Liu , Zirui Wu , Ye Tian

Testing of function safety and Safety Of The Intended Functionality (SOTIF) is important for autonomous vehicles (AVs). It is hard to test the AV's hazard response in the real world because it would involve hazards to passengers and other…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Longfei Mo , Min Hua , Hongyu Sun , Hongming Xu , Bin Shuai , Quan Zhou

This paper presents a novel approach to modeling human driving behavior, designed for use in evaluating autonomous vehicle control systems in a simulation environments. Our methodology leverages a hierarchical forward-looking, risk-aware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Nathan Ludlow , Yiwei Lyu , John Dolan

The ability to accurately predict and simulate human driving behavior is critical for the development of intelligent transportation systems. Traditional modeling methods have employed simple parametric models and behavioral cloning. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Alex Kuefler , Jeremy Morton , Tim Wheeler , Mykel Kochenderfer

Generative models in Autonomous Driving (AD) enable diverse scene creation, yet existing methods fall short by only capturing a limited range of modalities, restricting the capability of generating controllable scenes for comprehensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yanhao Wu , Haoyang Zhang , Tianwei Lin , Lichao Huang , Shujie Luo , Rui Wu , Congpei Qiu , Wei Ke , Tong Zhang

Realistic and diverse simulation scenarios with reactive and feasible agent behaviors can be used for validation and verification of self-driving system performance without relying on expensive and time-consuming real-world testing.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Qichao Zhang , Yinfeng Gao , Yikang Zhang , Youtian Guo , Dawei Ding , Yunpeng Wang , Peng Sun , Dongbin Zhao

Developing safety and efficiency applications for Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) require a great deal of testing and evaluation. The need for the operation of these systems in critical and dangerous situations makes the burden of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Ahura Jami , Mahdi Razzaghpour , Hussein Alnuweiri , Yaser P. Fallah
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