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Bayesian hierarchical models are increasingly popular for realistic modelling and analysis of complex data. This trend is accompanied by the need for flexible, general, and computationally efficient methods for model criticism and conflict…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-02 Egil Ferkingstad , Leonhard Held , Håvard Rue

The integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA) method has become a widely utilized tool for researchers and practitioners seeking to perform approximate Bayesian inference across various fields of application. To address the growing…

Computation · Statistics 2023-11-15 Esmail Abdul-Fattah , Janet Van Niekerk , Haavard Rue

This work has been motivated by the challenge of the 2017 conference on Extreme-Value Analysis (EVA2017), with the goal of predicting daily precipitation quantiles at the $99.8\%$ level for each month at observed and unobserved locations.…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-06 Thomas Opitz , Raphaël Huser , Haakon Bakka , Håvard Rue

Environmental epidemiologists are increasingly interested in establishing causality between exposures and health outcomes. A popular model for causal inference is the Rubin Causal Model (RCM), which typically seeks to estimate the average…

Applications · Statistics 2021-01-26 Keith W. Zirkle , Marie-Abele Bind , Jenise L. Swall , David C. Wheeler

The spatial scan statistic is widely used to detect disease clusters in epidemiological surveillance. Since the seminal work by~\cite{kulldorff1997}, numerous extensions have emerged, including methods for defining scan regions, detecting…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-11 Takayuki Kawashima , Daisuke Yoneoka , Yuta Tanoue , Akifumi Eguchi , Shuhei Nomura

In ecology we may find scenarios where the same phenomenon (species occurrence, species abundance, etc.) is observed using two different types of samplers. For instance, species data can be collected from scientific sampling with a…

In epidemiological disease mapping one aims to estimate the spatio-temporal pattern in disease risk and identify high-risk clusters, allowing health interventions to be appropriately targeted. Bayesian spatio-temporal models are used to…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-11-11 Duncan Lee , Andrew Lawson

This manuscript unites causal inference and spatial statistics, presenting novel insights for causal inference in spatial data analysis, and drawing from tools in spatial statistics to estimate causal effects. We introduce spatial causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-17 Georgia Papadogeorgou , Srijata Samanta

The Cox regression model is a commonly used model in survival analysis. In public health studies, clinical data are often collected from medical service providers of different locations. There are large geographical variations in the…

Applications · Statistics 2021-07-30 Jinjian Mu , Qingyang Liu , Lynn Kuo , Guanyu Hu

Rare cancers affect millions of people worldwide each year. However, estimating incidence or mortality rates associated with rare cancers presents important difficulties and poses new statistical methodological challenges. In this paper, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-30 Garazi Retegui , Jaione Etxeberria , María Dolores Ugarte

Air pollution remains a critical environmental and public health challenge, demanding high-resolution spatial data to better understand its spatial distribution and impacts. This study addresses the challenges of conducting multivariate…

Applications · Statistics 2025-03-18 Fernando Rodriguez Avellaneda , Erick A. Chacón-Montalván , Paula Moraga

1 - Spatial confounding is a phenomenon that has been studied extensively in recent years in the statistical literature to describe and mitigate apparent inconsistencies between the results obtained by regression models with and without…

Bayesian inference often relies on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, particularly required for non-Gaussian data families. When dealing with complex hierarchical models, the MCMC approach can be computationally demanding in workflows…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-31 Esmail Abdul Fattah , Elias Krainski , Havard Rue

Geostatistical analysis of health data is increasingly used to model spatial variation in malaria prevalence, burden, and other metrics. Traditional inference methods for geostatistical modelling are notoriously computationally intensive,…

Applications · Statistics 2023-05-04 Spencer Wong , Jennifer A. Flegg , Nick Golding , Sevvandi Kandanaarachchi

This is a short description and basic introduction to the Integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA) approach. INLA is a deterministic paradigm for Bayesian inference in latent Gaussian models (LGMs) introduced in Rue et al. (2009).…

Computation · Statistics 2019-07-03 Sara Martino , Andrea Riebler

Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) offer a practical alternative for addressing logistical challenges and ensuring feasibility in community health, education, and prevention studies, even though randomized controlled trials are considered the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-30 Jooyeon Lee , M. S. , Evan Kwiatkowski , Ph. D

Coming up with Bayesian models for spatial data is easy, but performing inference with them can be challenging. Writing fast inference code for a complex spatial model with realistically-sized datasets from scratch is time-consuming, and if…

Epidemic data often possess certain characteristics, such as the presence of many zeros, the spatial nature of the disease spread mechanism or environmental noise. This paper addresses these issues via suitable Bayesian modelling. In doing…

Applications · Statistics 2014-03-10 C. Malesios , N. Demiris , K. Kalogeropoulos , I. Ntzoufras

We introduce a Bayesian non-parametric spatial factor analysis model with spatial dependency induced through a prior on factor loadings. For each column of the loadings matrix, spatial dependency is encoded using a probit stick-breaking…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-12 Samuel I. Berchuck , Mark Janko , Felipe A. Medeiros , William Pan , Sayan Mukherjee

The estimation from available data of parameters governing epidemics is a major challenge. In addition to usual issues (data often incomplete and noisy), epidemics of the same nature may be observed in several places or over different…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-20 Romain Narci , Maud Delattre , Catherine Larédo , Elisabeta Vergu