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Beamforming-capable antenna arrays with many elements enable higher data rates in next generation 5G and 6G networks. In current practice, analog beamforming uses a codebook of pre-configured beams with each of them radiating towards a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Alexander Mattick , George Yammine , Georgios Kontes , Setareh Maghsudi , Christopher Mutschler

The article proposes a novel near-field predictive beamforming framework for high-mobility wireless networks. Specifically, due to the spherical waves and non-uniform Doppler frequencies brought by the near-field region, the new ability of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-12 Hao Jiang , Zhaolin Wang , Yue Liu , Hyundong Shin , Arumugam Nallanathan , Yuanwei Liu

Terahertz (THz) band is considered a promising candidate to meet the high-throughput requirement for future sixth-generation (6G) wireless communications due to its ultrawide bandwidth. However, due to the high penetration loss at…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-30 Caihao Weng , Yuqing Guo , Bowen Zhao , Ying Wang , Wen Chen , Zhendong Li

An active-sensing-based learning algorithm is proposed to solve the near-field beam alignment problem with the aid of wavenumber-domain transform matrices (WTMs). Specifically, WTMs can transform the antenna-domain channel into a sparse…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Hao Jiang , Zhaolin Wang , Yuanwei Liu

The use of millimeter waves for wireless communications is one of the main technological innovations of 5G systems with respect to previous generations of cellular systems. Their consideration, however, has been up to now mainly restricted…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Bengt Lindoff , Carmen D'Andrea , Stefano Buzzi , Markus Tormanen , Per-Olof Brandt

A near-field wideband communication system is investigated in which a base station (BS) employs an extra-large scale antenna array (ELAA) to serve multiple users in its near-field region. To facilitate near-field multi-user beamforming and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhaolin Wang , Xidong Mu , Yuanwei Liu

This letter studies how the imperfect resolution of near-field beamforming, the key feature of near-field communications, can be used to improve the throughput and connectivity of wireless networks. In particular, a hybrid non-orthogonal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Zhiguo Ding , H. Vincent Poor

Of the wide palette of 5G features, ultra-wide bandwidth and large-scale antenna configuration are regarded as the essential enabling technology components at millimeter wave (mmWave) communication. Accurate knowledge of delay and angle…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-31 Fengchun Zhang , Wei Fan

Near-field electromagnetic focusing is central to 6G communication, sensing, and integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. However, for a fixed aperture, the resolution-constrained usable range of conventional single-layer…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yajun Zhao

Hybrid analog and digital BeamForming (HBF) is one of the enabling transceiver technologies for millimeter Wave (mmWave) Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems. This technology offers highly directional communication, which is able…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-19 George C. Alexandropoulos , Ioanna Vinieratou , Mattia Rebato , Luca Rose , Michele Zorzi

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication represents one of the main innovations of the next generation of wireless technologies, allowing users to reach unprecedented data rates. To overcome the high path loss at mmWave frequencies, these…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-12 Mattia Lecci , Tommaso Zugno , Silvia Zampato , Michele Zorzi

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) array based millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging has a tangible prospect in applications of concealed weapons detection. A near-field imaging algorithm based on wavenumber domain processing is proposed for a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-25 Shiyong Li , Shuoguang Wang , Moeness G. Amin , Guoqiang Zhao

The synergy between extremely large-scale antenna arrays and terahertz technology in sixth-generation networks establishes a near-field wideband transmission environment, enabling the generation of highly focused beams. To leverage this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Qianyu Yang , Haiyang Zhang , Francesco Guidi , Anna Guerra , Davide Dardari , Baoyun Wang , Yonina C. Eldar

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication has attracted increasing attention as a promising technology for 5G networks. One of the key architectural features of mmWave is the use of massive antenna arrays at both the transmitter and the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Qing Xue , Xuming Fang , Ming Xiao

The principal distinction in transitioning from far-field multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems to near-field MIMO configurations lies in the notable augmentation of spatial degrees of freedom (DoF). This increase is not…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-01 Shuaishuai Guo , Kaiqian Qu , Shuping Dang

Scaling the number of antennas up is a key characteristic of current and future wireless communication systems. The hardware cost and power consumption, however, motivate large-scale MIMO systems, especially at millimeter wave (mmWave)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Yu Zhang , Muhammad Alrabeiah , Ahmed Alkhateeb

The problem of beam alignment (BA) in a cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) system operating at millimeter wave (mmWaves) carrier frequencies is considered in this paper. Two estimation algorithms are proposed, in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Stefano Buzzi , Carmen D'Andrea , Maria Fresia , Xiaofeng Wu

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) promises to provide ultrahigh data rates in millimeter-wave (mmWave) and Terahertz (THz) spectrum. However, the spherical-wavefront wireless transmission caused by large…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Xu Shi , Jintao Wang , Zhi Sun , Jian Song

Beamforming techniques are utilized in millimeter wave (mmWave) communication to address the inherent path loss limitation, thereby establishing and maintaining reliable connections. However, adopting standard defined beamforming approach…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Muhammad Baqer Mollah , Honggang Wang , Hua Fang

This work proposes a mixed learning-based and optimization-based approach to the weighted-sum-rates beamforming problem in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless network. The conventional methods, i.e., the fractional programming…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jianhang Zhu , Tsung-Hui Chang , Liyao Xiang , Kaiming Shen