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The recent demonstration of a real-time direct imaging radio interferometry correlator represents a new capability in radio astronomy. However wide field imaging with this method is challenging since wide-field effects and array…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 James Kent , Adam P. Beardsley , Landman Bester , Steve F. Gull , Bojan Nikolic , Jayce Dowell , Nithyanandan Thyagarajan , Greg B. Taylor , Judd Bowman

Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) have recently gained significant interest since they enable precoding in the wave domain that comes with increased processing capability and reduced energy consumption. The study of SIMs and high…

This paper investigates a six-dimensional movable antenna (6DMA)-aided cell-free multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system. In this system, each distributed access point (AP) can flexibly adjust its array…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-09 Yichi Zhang , Yuchen Zhang , Wenyan Ma , Lipeng Zhu , Jianquan Wang , Wanbin Tang , Rui Zhang

This paper explores the potential of near-field beamforming (NFBF) in integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems with extremely large-scale arrays (XL-arrays). The large-scale antenna arrays increase the possibility of having…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-15 Kaiqian Qu , Shuaishuai Guo , Nasir Saeed

The next-generation (6G) wireless networks are expected to provide not only seamless and high data-rate communications, but also ubiquitous sensing services. By providing vast spatial degrees of freedom (DoFs), ultra-massive multiple-input…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-22 Ruoxiao Cao , Hengtao He , Xianghao Yu , Shenghui Song , Kaibin Huang , Jun Zhang , Yi Gong , Khaled B. Letaief

Highly directional mmWave/THz links require rapid beam alignment, yet exhaustive codebook sweeps incur prohibitive training overhead. This letter proposes a sensing-assisted adaptive probing policy that maps multimodal sensing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-26 Abidemi Orimogunje , Vukan Ninkovic , Ognjen Kundacina , Hyunwoo Park , Sunwoo Kim , Dejan Vukobratovic , Evariste Twahirwa , Gaspard Gashema

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication becomes a promising technique to realize the beyond fifth generation (5G) wireless networks, due to the high mobility and maneuverability of UAVs which can adapt to heterogeneous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-17 Chang Liu , Weijie Yuan , Zhiqiang Wei , Xuemeng Liu , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

Beam alignment is a critical bottleneck in millimeter wave (mmWave) communication. An ideal beam alignment technique should achieve high beamforming (BF) gain with low latency, scale well to systems with higher carrier frequencies, larger…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Yuqiang Heng , Jeffrey G. Andrews

Cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) systems represent a promising approach to increase the spectral efficiency of wireless communication systems. However, near-optimal beamforming solutions require a large amount of signaling exchange between…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-08 Hamed Hojatian , Jeremy Nadal , Jean-Francois Frigon , Francois Leduc-Primeau

Extremely large antenna array (ELAA) is a common feature of several key candidate technologies for sixth-generation mobile networks (6G), such as ultra-massive multiple-input-multiple-output (UM-MIMO), cell-free massive MIMO, reconfigurable…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Mingyao Cui , Zidong Wu , Yu Lu , Xiuhong Wei , Linglong Dai

Movable antenna (MA)-enabled near-field (NF) communications offer significant potential for 6G, yet existing designs often neglect the practical constraints of hybrid beamforming (HBF) for extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO). Conversely,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xiangqian Xu , Songjie Yang , Arumugam Nallanathan

Recently, the rapid development of metasurface facilitates the growth of extremely large-scale antenna arrays, making the ultra-massive MIMO possible. In this paper, we study the codebook design and beam training for an intelligent…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Shupei Zhang , Yutong Zhang , Boya Di

Terahertz (THz) communications with a frequency band $0.1-10$ THz are envisioned as a promising solution to future high-speed wireless communication. Although with tens of gigahertz available bandwidth, THz signals suffer from severe…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Boyu Ning , Zhongbao Tian , Weidong Mei , Zhi Chen , Chong Han , Shaoqian Li , Jinhong Yuan , Rui Zhang

Beam management is a strategy to unify beamforming and channel state information (CSI) acquisition with large antenna arrays in 5G. Codebooks serve multiple uses in beam management including beamforming reference signals, CSI reporting, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-06 Ryan M. Dreifuerst , Robert W. Heath

Huge overhead of beam training imposes a significant challenge in millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless communications. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a wide beam based training approach to calibrate the narrow beam direction…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-21 Ke Ma , Dongxuan He , Hancun Sun , Zhaocheng Wang , Sheng Chen

In the multi-cell multiuser multi-input multi-output (MU-MIMO) systems, fractional programming (FP) has demonstrated considerable effectiveness in optimizing beamforming vectors, yet it suffers from high computational complexity. Recent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Zihan Jiao , Xinping Yi , Shi Jin

We consider the channel acquisition problem for a wideband terahertz (THz) communication system, where an extremely large-scale array is deployed to mitigate severe path attenuation. In channel modeling, we account for both the near-field…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-31 Jionghui Wang , Hongwei Wang , Jun Fang , Lingxiang Li , Zhi Chen

Mobile users are prone to experience beam failure due to beam drifting in millimeter wave (mmWave) communications. Sensing can help alleviate beam drifting with timely beam changes and low overhead since it does not need user feedback. This…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-12 Xiyu Wang , Gilberto Berardinelli , Hei Victor Cheng , Petar Popovski , Ramoni Adeogun

In extremely large-scale multiple input multiple output (XL-MIMO) systems for future sixth-generation (6G) communications, codebook-based beam training stands out as a promising technology to acquire channel state information (CSI). Despite…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Tianyue Zheng , Jieao Zhu , Qiumo Yu , Yongli Yan , Linglong Dai

The deployment of Extremely Large-Scale Antenna Arrays for 6G enables radiative near-field sensing but poses significant challenges in terms of hardware complexity and interference. Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces (SIMs) address these…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Andrea Abrardo , Bartoli Giulio