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We investigate the List $H$-Coloring problem, the generalization of graph coloring that asks whether an input graph $G$ admits a homomorphism to the undirected graph $H$ (possibly with loops), such that each vertex $v \in V(G)$ is mapped to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Hubie Chen , Bart M. P. Jansen , Karolina Okrasa , Astrid Pieterse , Paweł Rzążewski

The problem of counting occurrences of query graphs in a large data graph, known as subgraph counting, is fundamental to several domains such as genomics and social network analysis. Many important special cases (e.g. triangle counting)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Venkatesan T. Chakaravarthy , Michael Kapralov , Prakash Murali , Fabrizio Petrini , Xinyu Que , Yogish Sabharwal , Baruch Schieber

We study a version of online edge coloring, where the goal is to color as many edges as possible using only a given number, $k$, of available colors. All of our results are with regard to competitive analysis. Previous attempts to identify…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-10-26 Lene M. Favrholdt , Jesper W. Mikkelsen

A path (cycle) in a $2$-edge-colored multigraph is alternating if no two consecutive edges have the same color. The problem of determining the existence of alternating Hamiltonian paths and cycles in $2$-edge-colored multigraphs is an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Alejandro Contreras-Balbuena , Hortensia Galeana-Sánchez , Ilan A. Goldfeder

This paper introduces a natural generalization of the classical edge coloring problem in graphs that provides a useful abstraction for two well-known problems in multicast switching. We show that the problem is NP-hard and evaluate the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-12-31 Jonathan Turner

Treewidth is an important graph invariant, relevant for both structural and algorithmic reasons. A necessary condition for a graph class to have bounded treewidth is the absence of large cliques. We study graph classes closed under taking…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-09 Clément Dallard , Martin Milanič , Kenny Štorgel

We show that every NP problem is polynomially equivalent to a simple combinatorial problem: the membership problem for a special class of digraphs. These classes are defined by means of shadows (projections) and by finitely many forbidden…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-06-27 Gabor Kun , Jaroslav Nesetril

A graph $G$ is conflict-free $k$-edge-colorable if there exists an assignment of $k$ colors to $E(G)$ such that for every edge $e\in E(G)$, there is a color that is assigned to exactly one edge among the closed neighborhood of $e$. The…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Shanshan Guo , Ethan Y. H. Li , Luyi Li , Ping Li

Given a graph G and an integer k, the objective of the $\Pi$-Contraction problem is to check whether there exists at most k edges in G such that contracting them in G results in a graph satisfying the property $\Pi$. We investigate the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Dipayan Chakraborty , R. B. Sandeep

A \emph{$t$-treewidth-modulator} of a graph $G$ is a set $X \subseteq V(G)$ such that the treewidth of $G-X$ is at most some constant $t-1$. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm to compute a decomposition scheme for graphs $G$ that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-08-02 Eun Jung Kim , Alexander Langer , Christophe Paul , Felix Reidl , Peter Rossmanith , Ignasi Sau , Somnath Sikdar

In the \emph{dynamic edge coloring} problem, one has to maintain a graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ with at most $\Delta+c$ colors, given updates to the edges of the graph. An important objective is to minimize the \emph{recourse}, which is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haim Kaplan , David Naori , Yaniv Sadeh

Given a digraph with two terminal vertices $s$ and $t$ as well as a conservative cost function and several not necessarily disjoint color classes on its arc set, our goal is to find a minimum-cost subset of the arcs such that its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Naonori Kakimura , Péter Madarasi , Jannik Matuschke , Kitti Varga

The chromatic polynomial $\pi_{G}(k)$ of a graph $G$ can be viewed as counting the number of vertices in a family of coloring graphs $\mathcal C_k(G)$ associated with (proper) $k$-colorings of $G$ as a function of the number of colors $k$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-06 Shamil Asgarli , Sara Krehbiel , Howard W. Levinson , Heather M. Russell

This is the first paper in a series whose goal is to give a polynomial time algorithm for the $4$-coloring problem and the $4$-precoloring extension problem restricted to the class of graphs with no induced six-vertex path, thus proving a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-16 Maria Chudnovsky , Sophie Spirkl , Mingxian Zhong

The problem of extending partial geometric graph representations such as plane graphs has received considerable attention in recent years. In particular, given a graph $G$, a connected subgraph $H$ of $G$ and a drawing $\mathcal{H}$ of $H$,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Eduard Eiben , Robert Ganian , Thekla Hamm , Fabian Klute , Martin Nöllenburg

Deciding whether a graph can be edge-decomposed into a matching and a $k$-bounded linear forest was recently shown by Campbell, H{\"o}rsch and Moore to be NP-complete for every $k \ge 9$, and solvable in polynomial time for $k=1,2$. In the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Agnijo Banerjee , João Pedro Marciano , Adva Mond , Jan Petr , Julien Portier

An edge-coloring of a graph $G$ with natural numbers is called a sum edge-coloring if the colors of edges incident to any vertex of $G$ are distinct and the sum of the colors of the edges of $G$ is minimum. The edge-chromatic sum of a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-11-26 P. A. Petrosyan , R. R. Kamalian

Let $R$ and $B$ be two disjoint sets of points in the plane where the points of $R$ are colored red and the points of $B$ are colored blue, and let $n=|R\cup B|$. A bichromatic spanning tree is a spanning tree in the complete bipartite…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Ahmad Biniaz , Prosenjit Bose , David Eppstein , Anil Maheshwari , Pat Morin , Michiel Smid

Minimum cost homomorphism problems can be viewed as a generalization of list homomorphism problems. They also extend two well-known graph colouring problems: the minimum colour sum problem and the optimum cost chromatic partition problem.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Pavol Hell , Mayssam Mohammadi Nevisi

We study the fine-grained complexity of counting the number of colorings and connected spanning edge sets parameterized by the cutwidth and treewidth of the graph. While decompositions of small treewidth decompose the graph with small…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Carla Groenland , Jesper Nederlof , Isja Mannens , Krisztina Szilágyi