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In this paper, we introduce the Python framework PyMGRIT, which implements the multigrid-reduction-in-time (MGRIT) algorithm for solving the (non-)linear systems arising from the discretization of time-dependent problems. The MGRIT…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Jens Hahne , Stephanie Friedhoff , Matthias Bolten

We propose a parallel adaptive constraint-tightening approach to solve a linear model predictive control problem for discrete-time systems, based on inexact numerical optimization algorithms and operator splitting methods. The underlying…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-24 Laura Ferranti , Tamas Keviczky

In this paper, a time-periodic MGRIT algorithm is proposed as a means to reduce the time-to-solution of numerical algorithms by exploiting the time periodicity inherent to many applications in science and engineering. The time-periodic…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Andreas Hessenthaler , Robert D. Falgout , Jacob B. Schroder , Adelaide de Vecchi , David Nordsletten , Oliver Röhrle

As has been shown in our previous work, the parallel-in-time direct inverse (ParaDIn) method introduced by Yamaleev and Paudel in (arXiv: 2406.00878v1, 2024) imposes some constraint on the maximum number of time levels, $N_t$, that can be…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-13 Subhash Paudel , Nail K. Yamaleev

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve physical systems by incorporating governing partial differential equations directly into neural network training. In electromagnetism, where well-established methodologies such as FDTD and FEM…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Nilufer K. Bulut

To solve optimization problems with parabolic PDE constraints, often methods working on the reduced objective functional are used. They are computationally expensive due to the necessity of solving both the state equation and a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-12-17 Sebastian Götschel , Michael L. Minion

Test-Time Scaling (TTS) enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models by allocating additional inference compute to explore the solution space. However, existing parallel TTS methods typically keep branches isolated during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Xinglin Wang , Hao Lin , Shaoxiong Feng , Peiwen Yuan , Yiwei Li , Jiayi Shi , Yueqi Zhang , Chuyi Tan , Ji Zhang , Boyuan Pan , Yao Hu , Kan Li

Mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problems are encountered in modeling a physical/industrial process consisting both nonlinearity and discrete selective parameters. There are variety of algorithms for solving MINLP problems most…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-17 Negin Bagherpour , Mahdi Sharifzadeh

We consider the parallel-in-time solution of hyperbolic partial differential equation (PDE) systems in one spatial dimension, both linear and nonlinear. In the nonlinear setting, the discretized equations are solved with a preconditioned…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-10 O. A. Krzysik , H. De Sterck , R. D. Falgout , J. B. Schroder

Parallel-in-time algorithms provide an additional layer of concurrency for the numerical integration of models based on time-dependent differential equations. Methods like Parareal, which parallelize across multiple time steps, rely on a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-09-07 Abdul Qadir Ibrahim , Sebastian Götschel , Daniel Ruprecht

To train modern large DNN models, pipeline parallelism has recently emerged, which distributes the model across GPUs and enables different devices to process different microbatches in pipeline. Earlier pipeline designs allow multiple…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Ziyue Luo , Xiaodong Yi , Guoping Long , Shiqing Fan , Chuan Wu , Jun Yang , Wei Lin

Trajectory optimization is a widely used technique in robot motion planning for letting the dynamics and constraints on the system shape and synthesize complex behaviors. Several previous works have shown its benefits in high-dimensional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Ramkumar Natarajan , Shohin Mukherjee , Howie Choset , Maxim Likhachev

Exactly solving multi-objective integer programming (MOIP) problems is often a very time consuming process, especially for large and complex problems. Parallel computing has the potential to significantly reduce the time taken to solve such…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-02 William Pettersson , Melih Ozlen

Two of the most popular parallel-in-time methods are Parareal and multigrid-reduction-in-time (MGRIT). Recently, a general convergence theory was developed in Southworth (2019) for linear two-level MGRIT/Parareal that provides necessary and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-23 Ben S. Southworth , Wayne Mitchell , Andreas Hessenthaler , Federico Danieli

To design efficient parallel algorithms, some recent papers showed that many sequential iterative algorithms can be directly parallelized but there are still challenges in achieving work-efficiency and high-parallelism. Work-efficiency can…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Zheqi Shen , Zijin Wan , Yan Gu , Yihan Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful but often too slow and costly for real-world use during inference. Looped transformers save on parameters by reusing the same weights for multiple computational steps, or "loops." However, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Bohong Wu , Mengzhao Chen , Xiang Luo , Shen Yan , Qifan Yu , Fan Xia , Tianqi Zhang , Hongrui Zhan , Zheng Zhong , Xun Zhou , Siyuan Qiao , Xingyan Bin

Deep neural networks (DNNs), especially physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), have recently become a new popular method for solving forward and inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). However, these methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Wenbo Cao , Weiwei Zhang

Solving inverse problems and achieving statistical rigour in landscape evolution models requires running many model realizations. Parallel computation is necessary to achieve this in a reasonable time. However, no previous algorithm is…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Richard Barnes

Parallel-in-time methods are developed to accelerate the direct-adjoint looping procedure. Particularly, we utilize the Paraexp algorithm, previously developed to integrate equations forward in time, to accelerate the direct-adjoint looping…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-17 Calum S. Skene , Maximilian F. Eggl , Peter J. Schmid

We present a convergence analysis of the parallel-in-time integration method known as the Parareal algorithm for degenerate differential-algebraic systems arising from quasi-static Biot models, which govern coupled flow and deformation in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-22 Iñigo Jimenez-Ciga , Francisco Gaspar , Kundan Kumar , Florin A. Radu