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Recent advances in the intrinsic reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have given rise to LLM-based agent systems that exhibit near-human performance on a variety of automated tasks. However, although these systems share…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Bingxi Zhao , Lin Geng Foo , Ping Hu , Christian Theobalt , Hossein Rahmani , Jun Liu

With the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), general-purpose agents have seen fundamental advancements. However, evaluating these agents presents unique challenges that distinguish them from static QA benchmarks. We observe that current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Pengyu Zhu , Li Sun , Philip S. Yu , Sen Su

We introduce a comprehensive validation framework for LLM-based agentic systems that provides systematic diagnosis and improvement of reliability failures. The framework includes fifteen failure-detection tools and two root-cause analysis…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Hadar Mulian , Sergey Zeltyn , Ido Levy , Liane Galanti , Avi Yaeli , Segev Shlomov

While LLM-based agents are able to tackle a wide variety of code reasoning questions, the answers are not always correct. This prevents the agent from being useful in situations where high precision is desired: (1) helping a software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Meghana Sistla , Gogul Balakrishnan , Pat Rondon , José Cambronero , Michele Tufano , Satish Chandra

This article presents a modular, component-based architecture for developing and evaluating AI agents that bridge the gap between natural language interfaces and complex enterprise data warehouses. The system directly addresses core…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nooshin Bahador

This paper reviews the architecture and implementation methods of agents powered by large language models (LLMs). Motivated by the limitations of traditional LLMs in real-world tasks, the research aims to explore patterns to develop…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Victor de Lamo Castrillo , Habtom Kahsay Gidey , Alexander Lenz , Alois Knoll

Developing autonomous agents for web-based tasks is a core challenge in AI. While Large Language Model (LLM) agents can interpret complex user requests, they often operate as black boxes, making it difficult to diagnose why they fail or how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Orit Shahnovsky , Rotem Dror

As AI agents built on large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in society, issues of coordination, control, delegation, and accountability are entangled with concerns over their reliability. To design and implement LLM…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-09 R. Patrick Xian , Garry A. Gabison , Ahmed Alaa , Christoph Riedl , Grigorios G. Chrysos

As Large Language Models (LLMs) evolve from code generators into collaborative partners for software engineers, our methods for evaluation are lagging. Current benchmarks, focused on code correctness, fail to capture the nuanced,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Tao Dong , Harini Sampath , Ja Young Lee , Sherry Y. Shi , Andrew Macvean

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems have demonstrated impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks. However, the complexity of agentic behaviors makes these systems difficult to understand. When failures occur,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Rui Sheng , Yukun Yang , Chuhan Shi , Yanna Lin , Zixin Chen , Huamin Qu , Furui Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved superior performance in powering text-based AI agents, endowing them with decision-making and reasoning abilities akin to humans. Concurrently, there is an emerging research trend focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Junlin Xie , Zhihong Chen , Ruifei Zhang , Xiang Wan , Guanbin Li

Recently, to comprehensively improve Vision Language Models (VLMs) for Visual Question Answering (VQA), several methods have been proposed to further reinforce the inference capabilities of VLMs to independently tackle VQA tasks rather than…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Zeqing Wang , Wentao Wan , Qiqing Lao , Runmeng Chen , Minjie Lang , Xiao Wang , Keze Wang , Liang Lin

Large language model (LLM) web agents are increasingly used for web navigation but remain far from human reliability on realistic, long-horizon tasks. Existing evaluations focus primarily on end-to-end success, offering limited insight into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Mohamed Aghzal , Gregory J. Stein , Ziyu Yao

Autonomous agent systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in automating complex tasks. However, current evaluations largely rely on success rates without systematically analyzing the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ruofan Lu , Yichen Li , Yintong Huo

Agentic systems are becoming more capable: agents define strategies, take actions, and interact with different environments. This autonomy poses serious challenges for overseeing and assessing agent behavior. Most current tools are limited,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Asaf Yehudai , Lilach Eden , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in building fully autonomous agents. However, fully autonomous LLM-based agents still face significant challenges, including limited reliability due to…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable results on a range of standardized tests originally designed to assess human cognitive and psychological traits, such as intelligence and personality. While these results are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tom Sühr , Florian E. Dorner , Olawale Salaudeen , Augustin Kelava , Samira Samadi

AI agents are systems capable of perceiving their environment, autonomously planning and executing tasks. Recent advancements in LLM have introduced a transformative paradigm for AI agents, enabling them to interact with external resources…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Kaiwen Ning , Jiachi Chen , Jingwen Zhang , Wei Li , Zexu Wang , Yuming Feng , Weizhe Zhang , Zibin Zheng

We present HCLA, a human-centered multi-agent system for anomaly detection in digital-asset transactions. The system integrates three cognitively aligned roles: Rule Abstraction, Evidence Scoring, and Expert-Style Justification. These roles…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Gyuyeon Na , Minjung Park , Hyeonjeong Cha , Sangmi Chai

While Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents can be used to create highly engaging interactive applications through prompting personality traits and contextual data, effectively assessing their personalities has proven challenging. This…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Eswari Jayakumar , Niladri Sekhar Dash , Debasmita Mukherjee