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Online memes are a powerful yet challenging medium for content moderation, often masking harmful intent behind humor, irony, or cultural symbolism. Conventional moderation systems "especially those relying on explicit text" frequently fail…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Sayantan Adak , Somnath Banerjee , Rajarshi Mandal , Avik Halder , Sayan Layek , Rima Hazra , Animesh Mukherjee

Multimodal emotion recognition (MER), leveraging speech and text, has emerged as a pivotal domain within human-computer interaction, demanding sophisticated methods for effective multimodal integration. The challenge of aligning features…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-31 Xuechen Wang , Shiwan Zhao , Haoqin Sun , Hui Wang , Jiaming Zhou , Yong Qin

Multimodal sentiment analysis, a pivotal task in affective computing, seeks to understand human emotions by integrating cues from language, audio, and visual signals. While many recent approaches leverage complex attention mechanisms and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Nischal Mandal , Yang Li

Multi-modal semantic understanding requires integrating information from different modalities to extract users' real intention behind words. Most previous work applies a dual-encoder structure to separately encode image and text, but fails…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Ming Zhang , Ke Chang , Yunfang Wu

Hate speech detection in Devanagari-scripted social media memes presents compounded challenges: multimodal content structure, script-specific linguistic complexity, and extreme data scarcity in low-resource settings. This paper presents our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Samir Wagle , Reewaj Khanal , Abiral Adhikari

LiDAR and camera fusion techniques are promising for achieving 3D object detection in autonomous driving. Most multi-modal 3D object detection frameworks integrate semantic knowledge from 2D images into 3D LiDAR point clouds to enhance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Shaoqing Xu , Fang Li , Ziying Song , Jin Fang , Sifen Wang , Zhi-Xin Yang

In this paper, we present our solutions for the Multimodal Sentiment Analysis Challenge (MuSe) 2022, which includes MuSe-Humor, MuSe-Reaction and MuSe-Stress Sub-challenges. The MuSe 2022 focuses on humor detection, emotional reactions and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-15 Jia Li , Ziyang Zhang , Junjie Lang , Yueqi Jiang , Liuwei An , Peng Zou , Yangyang Xu , Sheng Gao , Jie Lin , Chunxiao Fan , Xiao Sun , Meng Wang

The age of social media is flooded with Internet memes, necessitating a clear grasp and effective identification of harmful ones. This task presents a significant challenge due to the implicit meaning embedded in memes, which is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Hongzhan Lin , Ziyang Luo , Wei Gao , Jing Ma , Bo Wang , Ruichao Yang

The automated detection of sexism in memes is a challenging task due to multimodal ambiguity, cultural nuance, and the use of humor to provide plausible deniability. Content-only models often fail to capture the complexity of human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Iván Arcos , Paolo Rosso , Elena Gomis-Vicent

The current state-of-the-art image-sentence retrieval methods implicitly align the visual-textual fragments, like regions in images and words in sentences, and adopt attention modules to highlight the relevance of cross-modal semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Xuri Ge , Fuhai Chen , Joemon M. Jose , Zhilong Ji , Zhongqin Wu , Xiao Liu

Memes are widely used for humor and cultural commentary, but they are increasingly exploited to spread hateful content. Due to their multimodal nature, hateful memes often evade traditional text-only or image-only detection systems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Ali Anaissi , Junaid Akram , Kunal Chaturvedi , Ali Braytee

Internet memes are a central element of online culture, blending images and text. While substantial research has focused on either the visual or textual components of memes, little attention has been given to their interplay. This gap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Aidos Konyspay , Pakizar Shamoi , Malika Ziyada , Zhusup Smambayev

Multimodal desire understanding, a task closely related to both emotion and sentiment that aims to infer human intentions from visual and textual cues, is an emerging yet underexplored task in affective computing with applications in social…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Wei Chen , Tongguan Wang , Feiyue Xue , Junkai Li , Hui Liu , Ying Sha

With the increasing popularity of video sharing websites such as YouTube and Facebook, multimodal sentiment analysis has received increasing attention from the scientific community. Contrary to previous works in multimodal sentiment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Minghai Chen , Sen Wang , Paul Pu Liang , Tadas Baltrušaitis , Amir Zadeh , Louis-Philippe Morency

The proliferation of social media has given rise to a new form of communication: memes. Memes are multimodal and often contain a combination of text and visual elements that convey meaning, humor, and cultural significance. While meme…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Nirmalendu Prakash , Han Wang , Nguyen Khoi Hoang , Ming Shan Hee , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Hateful memes often require compositional multimodal reasoning: the image and text may appear benign in isolation, yet their interaction conveys harmful intent. Although thinking-based multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Mohamed Bayan Kmainasi , Mucahid Kutlu , Ali Ezzat Shahroor , Abul Hasnat , Firoj Alam

Hate speech in online videos is posing an increasingly serious threat to digital platforms, especially as video content becomes increasingly multimodal and context-dependent. Existing methods often struggle to effectively fuse the complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Shuonan Yang , Tailin Chen , Jiangbei Yue , Guangliang Cheng , Jianbo Jiao , Zeyu Fu

Memes are a dominant medium for online communication and manipulation because meaning emerges from interactions between embedded text, imagery, and cultural context. Existing meme research is distributed across tasks (hate, misogyny,…

Advances in multimodal models have greatly improved how interactions relevant to various tasks are modeled. Today's multimodal models mainly focus on the correspondence between images and text, using this for tasks like image-text matching.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Haofei Yu , Zhengyang Qi , Lawrence Jang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency , Paul Pu Liang

Multimodal sentiment analysis (MSA) aims to infer emotional states by effectively integrating textual, acoustic, and visual modalities. Despite notable progress, existing multimodal fusion methods often neglect modality-specific structural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jiangfeng Sun , Sihao He , Zhonghong Ou , Meina Song