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Counterfactual explanations offer an intuitive and straightforward way to explain black-box models and offer algorithmic recourse to individuals. To address the need for plausible explanations, existing work has primarily relied on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Patrick Altmeyer , Mojtaba Farmanbar , Arie van Deursen , Cynthia C. S. Liem

ConvNets and Imagenet have driven the recent success of deep learning for image classification. However, the marked slowdown in performance improvement combined with the lack of robustness of neural networks to adversarial examples and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Pierre Stock , Moustapha Cisse

In data-driven applications relying on tabular data, where interpretability is key, machine learning models such as decision trees and linear regression are applied. Although neural networks can provide higher predictive performance, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Khawla Elhadri , Jörg Schlötterer , Christin Seifert

As deep learning models are increasingly used in safety-critical applications, explainability and trustworthiness become major concerns. For simple images, such as low-resolution face portraits, synthesizing visual counterfactual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Paul Jacob , Éloi Zablocki , Hédi Ben-Younes , Mickaël Chen , Patrick Pérez , Matthieu Cord

To truly grasp reasoning ability, a Natural Language Inference model should be evaluated on counterfactual data. TabPert facilitates this by assisting in the generation of such counterfactual data for assessing model tabular reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Nupur Jain , Vivek Gupta , Anshul Rai , Gaurav Kumar

Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable success in various challenging tasks. However, the black-box nature of such networks is not acceptable to critical applications, such as healthcare. In particular, the existence of adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Shaeke Salman , Seyedeh Neelufar Payrovnaziri , Xiuwen Liu , Pablo Rengifo-Moreno , Zhe He

Tabular data are ubiquitous for the widespread applications of tables and hence have attracted the attention of researchers to extract underlying information. One of the critical problems in mining tabular data is how to understand their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Lun Du , Fei Gao , Xu Chen , Ran Jia , Junshan Wang , Jiang Zhang , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang

Many text classification applications require models with satisfying performance as well as good interpretability. Traditional machine learning methods are easy to interpret but have low accuracies. The development of deep learning models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Zhengyang Wang , Xia Hu , Shuiwang Ji

Measuring the confidence of AI models is critical for safely deploying AI in real-world industrial systems. One important application of confidence measurement is information extraction from scanned documents. However, there exists no…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Bao-Sinh Nguyen , Quang-Bach Tran , Tuan-Anh Nguyen Dang , Duc Nguyen , Hung Le

Interpretability has become an essential topic for artificial intelligence in some high-risk domains such as healthcare, bank and security. For commonly-used tabular data, traditional methods trained end-to-end machine learning models with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Haixiao Chi , Dawei Wang , Gaojie Cui , Feng Mao , Beishui Liao

Real-world problems are often dependent on multiple data modalities, making multimodal fusion essential for leveraging diverse information sources. In high-stakes domains, such as in healthcare, understanding how each modality contributes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Mafalda Malafaia , Thalea Schlender , Tanja Alderliesten , Peter A. N. Bosman

Contrastive explanations clarify why an event occurred in contrast to another. They are more inherently intuitive to humans to both produce and comprehend. We propose a methodology to produce contrastive explanations for classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Alon Jacovi , Swabha Swayamdipta , Shauli Ravfogel , Yanai Elazar , Yejin Choi , Yoav Goldberg

As a pivotal task in data lake management, joinable table discovery has attracted widespread interest. While existing language model-based methods achieve remarkable performance by combining offline column representation learning with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Shiyuan Liu , Jianwei Wang , Xuemin Lin , Lu Qin , Wenjie Zhang , Ying Zhang

Training data has been proven to be one of the most critical components in training generative AI. However, obtaining high-quality data remains challenging, with data privacy issues presenting a significant hurdle. To address the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jia-Chen Zhang , Zheng Zhou , Yu-Jie Xiong , Chun-Ming Xia , Fei Dai

The opaqueness of deep NLP models has motivated the development of methods for interpreting how deep models predict. Recently, work has introduced hierarchical attribution, which produces a hierarchical clustering of words, along with an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Yiming Ju , Yuanzhe Zhang , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

The increasing use of deep learning across various domains highlights the importance of understanding the decision-making processes of these black-box models. Recent research focusing on the decision boundaries of deep classifiers, relies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Inês Gomes , Luís F. Teixeira , Jan N. van Rijn , Carlos Soares , André Restivo , Luís Cunha , Moisés Santos

Accurate estimation of counterfactual outcomes in high-dimensional data is crucial for decision-making and understanding causal relationships and intervention outcomes in various domains, including healthcare, economics, and social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Jiageng Zhu , Hanchen Xie , Jiazhi Li , Wael Abd-Almageed

Hybrid Question-Answering (HQA), which targets reasoning over tables and passages linked from table cells, has witnessed significant research in recent years. A common challenge in HQA and other passage-table QA datasets is that it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Jian Wu , Yicheng Xu , Yan Gao , Jian-Guang Lou , Börje F. Karlsson , Manabu Okumura

Counterfactual explanations for machine learning models are used to find minimal interventions to the feature values such that the model changes the prediction to a different output or a target output. A valid counterfactual explanation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Shravan Kumar Sajja , Sumanta Mukherjee , Satyam Dwivedi

Traditional Multi-level Hierarchical Classification (MLHC) classifiers often rely on backbone models with $n$ independent output layers. This structure tends to overlook the hierarchical relationships between classes, leading to…