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Question Answering (QA) is the task of automatically answering questions posed by humans in natural languages. There are different settings to answer a question, such as abstractive, extractive, boolean, and multiple-choice QA. As a popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Zhichao Duan , Xiuxing Li , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhenyu Li , Ning Liu , Jianyong Wang

With the rapid advancement of low-altitude remote sensing and Vision-Language Models (VLMs), Embodied Agents based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have shown significant potential in autonomous tasks. However, current evaluation methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Mingning Guo , Mengwei Wu , Jiarun He , Shaoxian Li , Haifeng Li , Chao Tao

3D Scene Question Answering (3D SQA) represents an interdisciplinary task that integrates 3D visual perception and natural language processing, empowering intelligent agents to comprehend and interact with complex 3D environments. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Zechuan Li , Hongshan Yu , Yihao Ding , Yan Li , Yong He , Naveed Akhtar

Recently, 3D vision-and-language tasks have attracted increasing research interest. Compared to other vision-and-language tasks, the 3D visual question answering (VQA) task is less exploited and is more susceptible to language priors and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Lichen Zhao , Daigang Cai , Jing Zhang , Lu Sheng , Dong Xu , Rui Zheng , Yinjie Zhao , Lipeng Wang , Xibo Fan

We present a new AI task -- Embodied Question Answering (EmbodiedQA) -- where an agent is spawned at a random location in a 3D environment and asked a question ("What color is the car?"). In order to answer, the agent must first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-04 Abhishek Das , Samyak Datta , Georgia Gkioxari , Stefan Lee , Devi Parikh , Dhruv Batra

Question answering (QA) models have shown rapid progress enabled by the availability of large, high-quality benchmark datasets. Such annotated datasets are difficult and costly to collect, and rarely exist in languages other than English,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Patrick Lewis , Barlas Oğuz , Ruty Rinott , Sebastian Riedel , Holger Schwenk

Recent techniques in Question Answering (QA) have gained remarkable performance improvement with some QA models even surpassed human performance. However, the ability of these models in truly understanding the language still remains dubious…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Weiwen Xu , Bowei Zou , Wai Lam , Ai Ti Aw

Rigorous and reproducible evaluation is critical for assessing the state of the art and for guiding scientific advances in Artificial Intelligence. Evaluation is challenging in practice due to several reasons, including benchmark…

Egocentric augmented reality devices such as wearable glasses passively capture visual data as a human wearer tours a home environment. We envision a scenario wherein the human communicates with an AI agent powering such a device by asking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Samyak Datta , Sameer Dharur , Vincent Cartillier , Ruta Desai , Mukul Khanna , Dhruv Batra , Devi Parikh

As language models master existing reasoning benchmarks, we need new challenges to evaluate their cognitive frontiers. Puzzle-solving events are rich repositories of challenging multimodal problems that test a wide range of advanced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Clinton J. Wang , Dean Lee , Cristina Menghini , Johannes Mols , Jack Doughty , Adam Khoja , Jayson Lynch , Sean Hendryx , Summer Yue , Dan Hendrycks

Popular QA benchmarks like SQuAD have driven progress on the task of identifying answer spans within a specific passage, with models now surpassing human performance. However, retrieving relevant answers from a huge corpus of documents is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Amin Ahmad , Noah Constant , Yinfei Yang , Daniel Cer

Spatial reasoning is a fundamental capability of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), yet their performance in open aerial environments remains underexplored. In this work, we present Open3D-VQA, a novel benchmark for evaluating MLLMs'…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Weichen Zhang , Zile Zhou , Xin Zeng , Xuchen Liu , Jianjie Fang , Chen Gao , Yong Li , Jinqiang Cui , Xinlei Chen , Xiao-Ping Zhang

While video large language models (Video-LLMs) excel in understanding slow-paced, real-world egocentric videos, their capabilities in high-velocity, information-dense virtual environments remain under-explored. Existing benchmarks focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jianzhe Ma , Zhonghao Cao , Shangkui Chen , Yichen Xu , Wenxuan Wang , Qin Jin

With the emergence of search-enabled generative QA systems, users are increasingly turning to tools that browse, aggregate, and reconcile evidence across multiple sources on their behalf. Yet many widely used QA benchmarks remain answerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Preetam Prabhu Srikar Dammu , Arnav Palkhiwala , Tanya Roosta , Chirag Shah

On the way towards general Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems that are able to answer arbitrary questions, the need arises for evaluation beyond single-metric leaderboards for specific datasets. To this end, we propose a browser-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Dirk Väth , Pascal Tilli , Ngoc Thang Vu

Achieving human-like reasoning in deep learning models for complex tasks in unknown environments remains a critical challenge in embodied intelligence. While advanced vision-language models (VLMs) excel in static scene understanding, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jinzhou Tang , Jusheng zhang , Sidi Liu , Waikit Xiu , Qinhan Lv , Xiying Li

Situated reasoning often relies on active exploration, yet in many real-world scenarios such exploration is infeasible due to physical constraints of robots or safety concerns of visually impaired users. Given only a limited observation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ruiping Liu , Yufan Chen , Yuheng Zhang , Junwei Zheng , Kunyu Peng , Chengzhi Wu , Chenguang Huang , Di Wen , Jiaming Zhang , Kailun Yang , Rainer Stiefelhagen

General-purpose robotic systems operating in open-world environments must achieve both broad generalization and high-precision action execution, a combination that remains challenging for existing Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models. While…

We present and tackle the problem of Embodied Question Answering (EQA) with Situational Queries (S-EQA) in a household environment. Unlike prior EQA work tackling simple queries that directly reference target objects and properties ("What…

Answers to the same question may change depending on the extra-linguistic contexts (when and where the question was asked). To study this challenge, we introduce SituatedQA, an open-retrieval QA dataset where systems must produce the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Michael J. Q. Zhang , Eunsol Choi