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Diffusion sampling-based Plug-and-Play (PnP) methods produce images with high perceptual quality but often suffer from reduced data fidelity, primarily due to the noise introduced during reverse diffusion. To address this trade-off, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhen Wang , Hongyi Liu , Jianing Li , Zhihui Wei

Recent works in inverse rendering have shown promise in using multi-view images of an object to recover shape, albedo, and materials. However, the recovered components often fail to render accurately under new lighting conditions due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Yehonathan Litman , Or Patashnik , Kangle Deng , Aviral Agrawal , Rushikesh Zawar , Fernando De la Torre , Shubham Tulsiani

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful priors for solving inverse problems. While computed tomography (CT) is theoretically a linear inverse problem, it poses many practical challenges. These include correlated noise, artifact…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-24 Jiayang Shi , Daniel M. Pelt , K. Joost Batenburg

Diffusion models have become increasingly popular for generative modeling due to their ability to generate high-quality samples. This has unlocked exciting new possibilities for solving inverse problems, especially in image restoration and…

Recently it has been shown that using diffusion models for inverse problems can lead to remarkable results. However, these approaches require a closed-form expression of the degradation model and can not support complex degradations. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Di You , Andreas Floros , Pier Luigi Dragotti

Diffusion models are now commonly used to solve inverse problems in computational imaging. However, most diffusion-based inverse solvers require complete knowledge of the forward operator to be used. In this work, we introduce a novel…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Yuanyun Hu , Evan Bell , Guijin Wang , Yu Sun

Diffusion models are extensively used for modeling image priors for inverse problems. We introduce \emph{Diff-Unfolding}, a principled framework for learning posterior score functions of \emph{conditional diffusion models} by explicitly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Yuanhao Wang , Shirin Shoushtari , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Ill-posed inverse problems are fundamental in many domains, ranging from astrophysics to medical imaging. Emerging diffusion models provide a powerful prior for solving these problems. Existing maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) or posterior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Minseo Kim , Axel Levy , Gordon Wetzstein

From a Bayesian perspective, score-based diffusion solves inverse problems through joint inference, embedding the likelihood with the prior to guide the sampling process. However, this formulation fails to explain its practical behavior:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hao Chen , Renzheng Zhang , Scott S. Howard

This paper investigates the application of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for solving the inverse advection-diffusion problem to localize pollution sources. The study focuses on optimizing neural network architectures to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ivan Chuprov , Denis Derkach , Dmitry Efremenko , Aleksei Kychkin

Diffusion models are highly expressive image priors for Bayesian inverse problems. However, most diffusion models cannot operate on large-scale, high-dimensional data due to high training and inference costs. In this work, we introduce a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-23 Wenhan Guo , Jinglun Yu , Yaning Wang , Jin U. Kang , Yu Sun

Diffusion models have emerged as the new state-of-the-art generative model with high quality samples, with intriguing properties such as mode coverage and high flexibility. They have also been shown to be effective inverse problem solvers,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Hyungjin Chung , Dohoon Ryu , Michael T. McCann , Marc L. Klasky , Jong Chul Ye

Plug-and-play (PnP) is a non-convex framework that combines ADMM or other proximal algorithms with advanced denoiser priors. Recently, PnP has achieved great empirical success, especially with the integration of deep learning-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-19 Kaixuan Wei , Angelica Aviles-Rivero , Jingwei Liang , Ying Fu , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Hua Huang

Recent studies have demonstrated the success of deep learning in solving forward and inverse problems in engineering and scientific computing domains, such as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). Source inversion problems under sparse…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-10 Brenda Anague , Bamdad Hosseini , Issa Karambal , Jean Medard Ngnotchouye

We propose a data-efficient, physics-aware generative framework in function space for inverse PDE problems. Existing plug-and-play diffusion posterior samplers represent physics implicitly through joint coefficient-solution modeling,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Thomas Y. L. Lin , Jiachen Yao , Lufang Chiang , Julius Berner , Anima Anandkumar

Flow matching is a recent state-of-the-art framework for generative modeling based on ordinary differential equations (ODEs). While closely related to diffusion models, it provides a more general perspective on generative modeling. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Jeongsol Kim , Bryan Sangwoo Kim , Jong Chul Ye

This paper studies plug-and-play (PnP) Langevin sampling strategies for Bayesian inference in low-photon Poisson imaging problems, a challenging class of problems with significant applications in astronomy, medicine, and biology. PnP…

Computation · Statistics 2026-01-12 Teresa Klatzer , Savvas Melidonis , Marcelo Pereyra , Konstantinos C. Zygalakis

Plug&Play (PnP) diffusion models are state-of-the-art methods in computed tomography (CT) reconstruction. Such methods usually consider applications where the sinogram contains a sufficient amount of information for the posterior…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-19 Liam Moroy , Guillaume Bourmaud , Frédéric Champagnat , Jean-François Giovannelli

Many of the most important problems in science and engineering are inverse problems: given a desired outcome, find a design that achieves it. Evaluating whether a candidate meets the spec is often routine; a binding energy can be computed,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 David van Dijk , Ivan Vrkic

Solving inverse problems with the reverse process of a diffusion model represents an appealing avenue to produce highly realistic, yet diverse solutions from incomplete and possibly noisy measurements, ultimately enabling uncertainty…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-01-10 Matteo Ravasi